Ishirahamwe ry’ububiko bw’inguvu Inc, rigurishwa ku mugaragaro nka ESS Tech Inc (NYSE: GWH), ni umunyamerika akora ubuhinga bw’amabateri y’ivyuma akoreshwa mu kubika inguvu igihe kirekire-. Yashinzwe mu mwaka w’2011 na Craig Evans na Julia Song, iyo sosiyete yizeye gukora amabateri abika inguvu amasaha 4 gushika kuri 12 akoresheje ibikoresho vyinshi vyo mw’isi-nk’icuma, umunyu, n’amazi.
Incamake y'ishirahamwe n'ubuhinga nyamukuru
Energy Storage Systems Inc ikorera ku cicaro cayo gikuru i Wilsonville, Oregon, aho ihingura kandi igakora amabateri y’ivyuma akoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye bwo kubika inguvu z’ubudandaji n’iz’ubuhinga-. Ikoranabuhanga ry’iryo shirahamwe ritandukanye cane n’amabateri asanzwe ya litiyumu-ion mu gutandukanya ubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi n’ubushobozi bwo kubika inguvu, bikaba bituma igice cose gishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwigenga.
Ubuhinga bwa bateri y’ivyuma bukora mu kuzunguruka amazi y’umuyagankuba biciye mu bikoresho vy’umuyagankuba kugira ngo bishire umuriro no gukuraho umuyagankuba. Udakunze amabateri ya litiyumu-ion asenyuka uko igihe kigenda kirarenga, ubuhinga bwo gukoresha ivyuma bwa Energy Storage Systems Inc buragumya ubushobozi bwabwo bwose mu myaka yose 25 y’ubuzima bwayo bwo guhingura n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara amagare butagira aho bugarukira. Ubwo buzima buramba buhindura inyungu nyinshi ku giciro ku bigo vy’amazi n’abaguzi b’ubudandaji barondera inguvu zishobora kwizigirwa canke ugushiramwo inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo.
Kuva mu mwaka w’2024, Energy Storage Systems Inc yatangaje ko yinjiza amadolari 6.3 miliyoni ku mwaka, naho iyo sosiyete yahuye n’ingorane z’amahera zisanzwe ziri mu mashirahamwe ariko arakura y’ubuhinga bw’inguvu zisukuye. Isoko ry’ububiko bw’inguvu ry’igihe kirekire- ubwaryo ryari rifise agaciro k’amadolari 4,84 miliyaridi mu 2024 kandi ritegerezwa gushika ku madolari 10,43 miliyaridi mu 2030, rizokura ku rugero rw’iterambere ry’umwaka ry’ibice 13,6%.
Ububiko bw'ibicuruzwa
Energy Storage Systems Inc itanga imirongo itatu y’ibintu nyamukuru vyateguwe ku rugero rutandukanye rwo gukoresha:
Ububiko bw'inguvuikora nk’umuti w’ubudandaji n’inganda w’ishirahamwe, itanga inyuma ya-i-meter ububiko bw’inguvu ku bibanza bisaba amasaha 4 gushika kuri 12 y’inguvu z’inyuma. Izo nzira zifise ubushobozi buva kuri 50 kW gushika kuri 90 kW zifise ubushobozi bushika kuri 600 kWh. Ububiko bw’inguvu bwabonye gukoreshwa ahantu hatandukanye harimwo n’akarere k’igisagara ca Sacramento, aho ubuhinga butandatu bwatanguye gukora mu 2022.
Ikigo c'inguvuigenewe ibikorwa vy'urugero rw'ubuhinga-, itanga imbere-ya-ububiko bw'imetero -n'imiterere ihinduka kugira ngo ushikire ibisabwa ku rugero rw'uruzitiro-. Izo nzira zishobora guhuzwa mu buryo bumwe kugira ngo zifashe imigambi kuva ku rugero rwa megawatt ntoyi gushika ku mirongo-y’-megawatt. Ishirahamwe ry'amashanyarazi ry'i Portland ryaronse ubuhinga bwa mbere bw'Ikigo c'Inguvu bwo gutangura gukora muri 2024.
Ishingiro ry'inguvuigereranya umurongo mushasha w’ibicuruzwa vy’iyo sosiyete, washizweho mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2024 nk’igice c’ingene ingamba zijanye n’imigambi yo kubika ibintu ku rugero rwa gigawatt-. Iyi nyubakwa y’ibice ishoboza kwagura igihe co kubika kuva ku masaha 12 gushika ku masaha 22 ku giciro gitoyi no ku guhindura ibikorwa, cane cane bishingiye ku bibanza vy’amakuru n’abakoresha ingufu zishobora gusubirwamwo ku rugero runini.
Ikoranabuhanga ry'amabateri y'icuma ryasobanuwe
Igishushanyo nyamukuru kiri inyuma y’ubuhinga bwo kubika ingufu Inc kiri mu buhinga bwayo bw’ivyuma-bushingiye ku buhinga bw’amabateri y’umuyagankuba. Uwo murongo ukoresha amazi y’ivyuma yitwa chloride electrolytes mu bidengeri bibiri bitandukanye, iyoni zikaba zihindurwa biciye ku ruhu mu gihe amazi agendagenda mu bice vyayo. Mu gihe c’ugushaja, inguvu z’umuyagankuba zihindura icuma kikava mu kibanza kimwe c’uguhinduka kw’icuma kikaja mu kindi, kikabika izo nguvu mu buryo bw’imiti. Mu gihe co gusohora, iyo nzira irahinduka kugira ngo irekure umuyagankuba.
Iryo shimi ritanga ivyiza vyinshi ngirakamaro. Ivyuma bigura nk’amadolari 2 ku kiro kandi biraboneka cane nk’ibintu biva mu guhingura ivyuma. Igisubizo c’amazi y’umuyagankuba ntigishobora kwaka, ntikigira ubumara, kandi kiraguma mu bushuhe bwo mu cumba n’ubushuhe butagira aho bugarukira. Igerageza ryerekanye ko amabateri ya Energy Storage Systems Inc ashobora kuguma afise 98,7% vy’ubushobozi bwo hejuru mu bihe 1.000 bikurikirana, afise ubushobozi bwo gushaja incuro zirenga 20.000 mu kiringo cose c’ubuzima bw’iyo sisitemu.
Iryo koraniro rikora neza mu bice vyose vy’ubushuhe aho ibindi bikoresho vy’amabateri bishobora kunanirwa. Naho amabateri y’umuyagankuba wa vanadium redox atera ubumara burengeye degre 40 , kandi amabateri y’umuyagankuba wa litiyumu-ion asaba uburyo bwo gukonjesha bukora, amabateri y’umuyagankuba mu vy’ukuri yungukira ku bushuhe bwinshi bwo gukora ataco bisaba ibikorwa remezo vyo gucunga ubushuhe.
Isoko n'ibikorwa
Energy Storage Systems Inc irahiganwa mu bijanye n’ububiko bw’inguvu bumara igihe kirekire-bugenda burakura cane, ivyo bikaba bitorera umuti ikibazo gikomeye mu bijanye no gushiramwo inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo. Inguvu z’izuba n’iz’umuyaga zihinduka zishingiye ku mice y’ikirere, bikaba bituma habaho ukudahukana kw’ivyo umuntu asaba bisaba inyishu zo kubika inguvu zishobora gutanga ingufu mu kiringo kirekire iyo inkomoko zishobora gusubirwamwo zitariko ziratanga.
Sisitemu z’iyo sosiyete zikoreshwa mu bikorwa vyinshi. Abakoresha uruzitiro barazikoresha mu gutunganya incuro no gufasha umuriro, bagafata inguvu zirenga mu bihe vy'ibisabwa bike-bakazirekura mu gihe c'ugukoresha cane. Abaguzi b’ubudandaji bakoresha amabateri ya Energy Storage Systems Inc kugira ngo bagabanye amafaranga basaba, babike amashanyarazi iyo ibiciro biri hasi no kuyasohora mu bihe vy’isonga ry’amashanyarazi kugira ngo bagabanye igiciro c’inguvu muri rusangi kigera kuri 33%.
Ibikorwa vya Microgrid bigereranya ikindi gice kiriko kirakura. Igisirikare ca Amerika c’abahinga carashizeho ubuhinga bwo kubika ingufu i Fort Leonard Wood, muri Missouri, kiyishira mu nzira y’ubuhinga buto bugenewe kugabanya amavuta akoreshwa ku bibanza vy’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga. Na co nyene, ikibuga c’indege ca Schiphol i Amsterdam carashizeho ibateri ya mbere y’ivyuma ku kibanza kinini c’ikibuga c’indege, kiyikoresha mu gusubiza amashanyarazi amashanyarazi yo hasi nk’uko biri mu nzira y’ugutuma ikibuga c’indege kigumaho.
Ivyoherezwa vuba n'ubufatanye
Energy Storage Systems Inc yararonse amasezerano menshi ahambaye yerekana ko ubudandaji bushobora gukwegwakwegwa. Amasezerano y’Akarere k’Ibikorwa vy’Igihugu ca Sacramento, yatangajwe mu 2022, ajanye no gukoresha amashanyarazi ashika ku megawatt 200 n’amasaha 2 y’ububiko bw’amashanyarazi agera kuri gigawatt{4}}. Iyo nzira imaze gukora neza, itegerezwa gukuraho amatoni agera ku 284.000 y’umuyaga w’ikirere (CO2) uva mu bikoresho vy’amashanyarazi vya SMUD ku mwaka.
Mu Budagi, ishirahamwe ry’amazi LEAG ryagiranye amasezerano na Energy Storage Systems Inc y’ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi 50 MW / 500 MWh nk’igice c’uguhinduka kwaryo kuva ku nguvu z’amakara. Uwo mugambi, niwaheza, uzoba umwe mu migwi minini cane yo mu Buraya yo gushiramwo amabateri y’amazi kandi bitezwe ko uzokuraho amatoni 50.000 y’amakara akoreshwa ku musi mu gihe uzokuraho amatoni imiliyoni 20 y’umuyagankuba ku mwaka.
Ishirahamwe ry’amazi ryo muri California ni ryo ryabaye abavyifatamwo neza cane. Amazi n’amashanyarazi vya Burbank vyashizeho ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi 75 kW / 500 kWh bufatanijwe n’amashanyarazi y’izuba 265 kW mu 2024, bikaba bitanga amashanyarazi ku nzu zishika 300. Akarere k’amazi ka Turlock kashize ububiko bw’inguvu mu mugambi Nexus, uhuza amatara y’izuba ashizwe hejuru y’imigende y’amazi kugira ngo icarimwe ashobore gutanga inguvu zisukuye no kugabanya ukuntu amazi ahinduka umwuka.
Tampa Electric yasavye ubuhinga bwinshi bw’Ikigo c’Inguvu kugira ngo bushikirizwe mu 2024, bikaba bigereranya ubudandaji bwa mbere bw’ishirahamwe ry’ibikoresho vyayo vy’ubuhinga-ku rugero rw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi ku mushoramari akomeye-w’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi muri Florida.
Ibikorwa vy'amahera n'ingorane
Energy Storage Systems Inc yasohotse mu bantu biciye mu guhuza SPAC maze itangura gucuruzwa ku isoko ry’i New York ryitwa GWH. Iryo shirahamwe ryatangaje ko Q2 2025 ryinjiye amadolari 2.4 miliyoni, bikaba bigereranya 578% vy’umwaka-ku -umwaka w’iterambere, naho nyene bikiriho vyerekana ingorane zo gutera imbere mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga vyinshi.
Iyo sosiyete yarakoze kugira ngo igabanye ibiciro mu bijanye n’ugutanga ibikoresho vyose. Ibiciro vyo gukora ibikoresho vy’ububiko bw’inguvu vyagabanutse n’ibice 40 kw’ijana mu mwaka w’2024, mu gihe igihe co gutangura gukoresha cagabanutse mu bice bibiri biciye mu buryo bwo gushiramwo ibintu vyiza. Inguvu zikomeye zarateye imbere n’ibice 25% biciye mu gukoresha ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi, bikaba vyatumye inguvu nyinshi zibikwa mu kirenge kimwe c’umubiri.
Kugira ngo ishirahamwe Energy Storage Systems Inc rifashe mu kwagura, ryaronse amasezerano y’amahera harimwo amadolari ashika ku miriyoni 50 avuye muri Banki y’Ibicuruzwa biva hanze-Import ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kugira ngo ifashe mu gutera imbere kw’ubushobozi bwo gukora. Iyo sosiyete yiteze gukura amadolari agera ku miliyoni 10 muri iyo nyubakwa kugira ngo ifashe mu bikorwa remezo gushika mu 2026.
Naho ubuhinga bwa none bwateye imbere, iyo sosiyete yarahuye n’ingorane z’amahera zisanzwe ziri mu masosiyete y’ubuhinga bushasha mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga vyinshi. Uburongozi bwashize mu ngiro ugusubiramwo ibikorwa mu 2024 na 2025, buhindura ingamba zija ku murongo w’ibicuruzwa vy’inguvu z’ubushobozi bwinshi mu gihe bwahagarika ibicuruzwa vya kera kugira ngo bushire ubutunzi ku migambi minini-ifise ubutunzi bwiza bw’ibice.
Igihugu c'amarushanwa
Energy Storage Systems Inc ikora mw’isoko rifise abakinyi bashinzwe n’abahiganwa bariko barakura. Form Energy ikora amabateri y'icuma-y'umuyaga ashobora kumara amasaha 100 yo kubika. Ishirahamwe ry’inguvu rya Eos rikora amabateri akoreshwa mu masaha 3 gushika kuri 12. Abahinguzi b’amabateri y’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba harimwo amashirahamwe nka Sumitomo Electric Industries n’Inguvu z’Inguvu za Invinity.
Inyungu z’uguhiganwa Energy Storage Systems Inc ishimikirako zirimwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitagira ubumara, ivy’isi-vyinshi bishobora kwirinda ingorane zijanye n’ugutanga ibikoresho zijanye n’ivyuma bita litiyumu, kobalt canke vanadium. Iryo shirahamwe ry’abanyamerika ry’ubuhinga ryishira mu kibanza co kwungukira ku bisabwa vyo mu gihugu biri mw’Itegeko ryo Kugabanya Inflation n’ingingo z’Ishirahamwe ry’Amahanga ryitaho ivy’ubuhinga bwo kubika inguvu zikozwe muri Amerika.
Ariko rero, Energy Storage Systems Inc irahanganye n’uguhiganwa gukomeye n’abahinguzi b’amabateri ya litiyumu-ion bungukirwa n’urugero runini rw’ibikorwa n’ugugabanya ibiciro. Naho ubuhinga bwa litiyumu-ion busanzwe butanga amasaha 2 gushika kuri 4 gusa yo kubika, igiciro cavyo gitoyi c'imbere bituma bukwegera ku bikorwa vyinshi aho igihe kirekire kitakenewe.
Imigenderanire y'inganda n'ivyo bitera iterambere
Ivyiyumviro vyinshi vy'ubutunzi buhambaye birashigikira ugusaba ubuhinga bwo kubika inguvu igihe kirekire-. Ishoramari ry’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo kw’isi yose ryashitse ku madolari 2 trillions mu 2024 nk’uko bivugwa n’ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ry’inguvu, aho ubushobozi bwo gukoresha izuba n’umuyaga buriko buratera imbere kw’isi yose. Ukwo kwiyongera gushobora gusubirwamwo gutuma habaho ugukenera gukomeye kw’imiti yo kubika kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gucungera ibihe bimwebimwe no kumenya ko uruja n’uruza rw’amazi rushobora kwizigirwa.
Ivyo amashanyarazi asaba mu bibanza vy’amakuru bitegerezwa kwongerekana 165% mu mwaka w’2030, bikaba bizoterwa ahanini n’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwa none. Ivyo bikoresho bisaba ubushobozi bwo kwizigirwa cane n'igihe gito co guhagarara, bikaba bituma habaho amahirwe y'uburyo bwo gukoresha ubushobozi bwo gusubiza inyuma igihe kirekire-. Energy Storage Systems Inc yashizeho umurongo wayo w’ibicuruzwa vy’Inguvu vy’Ishingiro vy’Inguvu vyihariye kugira ngo ikoreshe iki gice c’isoko ririko rirakura.
Ivyagezwe vyo gukuraho ivyuka bihumanya ikirere biriko biratuma amashirahamwe y’amazi ahagarika ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyari bifise ubushobozi bwo guhindura amazi. Uburyo bwo kubika bushobora gutanga amashanyarazi mu kiringo c’amasaha 8 gushika ku 12 burashobora gusubirira mu vy’ubutunzi ivyo bikoresho vya gaze kavukire mu bikorwa vyinshi, cane cane iyo bifatanijwe n’ibikoresho bishobora gusubirwamwo.
Amerika ya ruguru ni yo yaserukiye isoko rinini ry’akarere ry’ububiko bw’inguvu bw’igihe kirekire-mu 2024, bufise agaciro k’amadolari 1.17 miliyaridi, n’iterambere rikomeye ryitezwe gushika mu 2030. Inzego za Leta zitera intege, harimwo n’imisoro y’umwimbu n’imisoro y’ishoramari hakurikijwe Itegeko ryo kugabanya Inflation, zitanga infashanyo y’amahera ku bijanye n’ububiko bw’inguvu.
Umutekano n'ibidukikije
Bateri zikoreshwa n’ivyuma zitanga inyungu z’umutekano kurusha ubundi buhinga bwo kubika ibintu bikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba. Igisubizo c’amazi gishingiye ku mazi-kandi gikora ku pH idahinduka, kigakuraho ingorane z’uguhunga kw’ubushuhe canke umuriro zijanye n’ugushiraho litiyumu-ion. Nta mwotsi w’ubumara canke ibintu bishobora guturika bishoboka bikoresheje ivyuma, umunyu n’amazi.
Isesengura ry’ingendo y’ubuzima ryakozwe na UC Irvine rigereranya ubuhinga bwa Energy Storage Systems Inc n’amabateri akoreshwa na vanadium redox, amabateri akoreshwa na zinc bromine, n’amabateri akoreshwa na lithium{0}}ion ryasanze amabateri akoreshwa n’ivyuma afise ubushobozi buke bwo gushuha kw’isi yose mu bice vyose vy’uguhingura, ugukoresha, n’iherezo ry’ubuzima. Ivyuma-vyatumye habaho 67% vy’imiyaga y’ibidukikije ugereranyije n’ivyo litiyumu-iyon.
Inyungu z’ibidukikije zishika no ku gukura ibikoresho vya mbere. Ivyuma ni ikintu kiva mu guhingura ivyuma biriho, ntibisaba ko hakorwa ibindi bikorwa vyo kwimba. Umunyu na wo nyene uragwiriye kandi ukurwa mu buryo busanzwe kandi nta ngaruka nyinshi ugira ku bidukikije. Ivyo bitandukanye n’ugucukura amabuye y’agaciro yitwa litiyumu, kobalti na vanadium, ivyo bikaba birimwo uburyo bukomeye bwo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro be n’ingorane zijanye n’ugutanga amabuye y’agaciro.
Ibibazo bikunze kwibazwa
Bateri za ESS zishobora kubika inguvu gushika ryari?
Ibintu vya Energy Storage Systems Inc bikoreshwa ubu bitanga amasaha 4 gushika kuri 12 y’ugusohoka kw’inguvu zidahinduka, umurongo mushasha w’Inguvu z’Ishingiro ry’Inguvu ukazokwongera amasaha 22. Igihe kivana n’ingene ubuhinga buteye kandi gishobora guhindurwa mu kwongera umubare w’itangi ry’amazi ata guhindura igitigiri c’amashanyarazi.
Ni ugutunganywa gute amabateri y’ivyuma asaba?
Ivyo bikoresho bisaba ko amapompa, amavalve be n’ibindi bikoresho vyo kugenzura biguma bitunganywa, nk’uko nyene bimeze ku bindi bikoresho vyo mu nganda. Ico gisubizo c’amazi gishobora gukenera gusubirwamwo mu gihe c’igihe hakoreshejwe ipompo y’amaprotoni yinjijwe mu mugambi w’ivyo bikoresho. Ariko rero, amabateri ntagira ubushobozi bwo gusenyuka, ivyo bikaba bituma ata nkenerwa yo gusubirira amamodule asanzwe akoreshwa mu bikoresho vya litiyumu-ion.
None amabateri ya ESS akoreshwa hehe?
Ishirahamwe ry’ububiko bw’inguvu Inc rikora ibintu vyaryo i Wilsonville muri Oregon, rikoresheje uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho rw’abanyamerika. Iyo sosiyete yashize amafaranga mu mirongo y’ubuhinga bwikoresha ishobora gutanga amashanyarazi arenga 600 MWh ku mwaka ku murongo, ikaba ifise imigambi yo kubandanya kwagura ubushobozi.
Ni gute amabateri ya ESS agereranywa na litiyumu-ion ku giciro?
Ibiciro vy’intango vy’umutungo ku kilowatt-isaha bikunda kuba vyinshi ku mirongo y’ugutemba kw’icuma ugereranyije n’ivyo litiyumu-iyoni. Ariko rero, ubuzima bw’imyaka 25 bw’umugambi ata gusenyuka kw’ubushobozi butuma igiciro c’ububiko kigabanuka mu kiringo c’ubuzima bw’urutonde. Uburyo bwo kubika inguvu Inc bufise intumbero yo gushika ku madolari 0.05 ku kWh kugira ngo bushike ku ntego z'Igisata c'Inguvu mu mwaka w'2030.
Ikorabuhanga ry’amabateri y’ivyuma ryateguwe na Energy Storage Systems Inc rigereranya uburyo bumwe bwo gutorera umuti ingorane yo kubika inguvu igihe kirekire-ihanganye n’ihinduka ry’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo. Kubera imigambi ikoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kandi iriko iragwira kw’isi yose, iyo sosiyete iriko irakora kugira ngo yerekane ko ibikoresho vyinshi vyo kw’isi bishobora gutanga ububiko bw’inguvu bwizewe kandi butekanye ku rugero runini. Imyaka iri imbere ni yo izokwerekana nimba ubu buhinga buzoshika ku ntumbero y’ubudandaji ikenewe kugira ngo bube umukinyi ahambaye mu bijanye n’ububiko bw’inguvu buriko buratera imbere cane.
Inkomoko z'amakuru nyamukuru:
ESS Tech Inc. Imigenderanire n’abashoramari n’Ivy’Imari (2024-2025)
Isesengura ry'isoko ry'ububiko bw'inguvu ry'igihe kirekire, amasoko n'amasoko (2024)
Wikipedia: Bateri y'Ivyuma (Ukwakira 2025)
Isubiramwo ry'ubuhinga bwa MIT: Ingingo y'ububiko bw'uruzitiro (Kamena 2022)
Ivyasohoka mu bushakashatsi bwa Laboratwari y'Igihugu yo mu Buraruko bushira Uburengero bwa Pasifike (Ntwarante 2024)
Inguvu-Ububiko.amakuru y'inganda (2024-2025)