Igihe kirekire-Ububiko bw'inguvu (LDES): Ubuhinga n'Ikoreshwa

Ububiko bw'inguvu bw'igihe kirekire- (LDES) buvuga uburyo bwo kubika inguvu bushobora gutanga umuyagankuba mu bihe birebire aho gutanga iminota canke amasaha makeyi gusa. Igisata ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kijejwe ivy’inguvu (DOE) ubu gisobanura ko LDES ari ububiko bushobora gutanga amashanyarazi ku mwaka w’2019.Amasaha 10 canke arenga. Ubundi bushakashatsi, amategeko, n’imirongo y’isoko bikoresha imbibe zitandukanye, rero igihe gikwiye gufatwa nk’igisabwa c’umugambi aho gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso c’isi yose.

Ikibazo ngirakamaro si nimba ubuhinga bumwe ari "ubuhinga bwiza bwa LDES." Ni nimba uburyo bwo kubika bushobora gutanga ubushobozi busabwa mu kiringo gikenewe, kugiciro cemewe c'ubuzima bwose-, ku kibanza kiriho, n'ingaruka umugambi ushobora gutanga amahera no gukora.

Iyi nkuru igereranya imiryango nyamukuru y’ubuhinga bwa LDES, isigura ingene igihe giharurwa, yerekana aho ububiko burebure bushobora gutuma habaho agaciro, kandi itanga inzira y’ingingo ku bigo vy’ubuhinga bwa none, abahinguzi b’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo, ama microgrids, n’abakoresha inguvu z’inganda.

Igihe kirekire-Ububiko bw'inguvu ni iki?

LDES ni uburyo bwo kubika inguvu bugenewe gusohora inguvu zabitswe mu kiringo kirekire. Insobanuro ya porogarama ya DOE ikoresha urugero rwaAmasaha 10 canke arenga. Laboratwari y’igihugu yo mu Buraruko bushira Uburengero bwa Pasifike (PNNL), ariko, ivuga ko ububiko bw’igihe kirekire-butasobanurwa n’urubibi rumwe rudahinduka hagati y’inganda n’ubushakashatsi. Ni co gituma amasaha nyayo akwiye gufatanywa n’ingorane yo gukora.

DOE kandi ikoresha uburyo bwo gutanga ingero butandukanya ububiko mu gihe gito-, hagati y'imisi, imisi myinshi-, n'ibikorwa vy'ibihe. Muri iyo nzira, ububiko bw’igihe gito-ni amasaha 0–10, hagati y’imisi LDES ni amasaha 10–36, LDES y’imisi myinshi ni amasaha 36–160, kandi uguhinduka kw’ibihe gutangura hejuru y’amasaha 160. Ivyo bipande ni ngirakamaro mu gutegura uburyo, ariko si imipaka y’ubuhinga bwo kw’isi yose.

Ku basomyi bakeneye gutandukanya neza ububasha n’inguvu zibitswe, urubuga rwakW n'uburongozi bwa kWhasigura iyo nzira nyene ku rugero rutoyi.

Igihe co kubika inguvu giharurwa gute?

Igihe co kubika gihuza ubushobozi bw'inguvu zikoreshwa n'inguvu zisohoka:

Igihe co kubika=ubushobozi bw'inguvu zikoreshwa (MWh) ÷ ubushobozi bwo gusohora (MW)

Nk’akarorero, umugambi ufise inguvu zikoreshwa 1.000 MWh n’igipimo co gusohora 100 MW ufise igihe c’ivyiyumviro c’:

1.000 MWh ÷ 100 MW=10 amasaha

Ivyo biharuro vyoroshe ni intango, si ikimenyamenya c’uko umuntu azokora neza. Igihe nyaco c'ibikorwa gishobora guterwa n'imipaka y'amahera, imizigo y'inyongera, ugutakaza mu guhindura, ubushuhe, ugusenyuka, ingero ntoyi z'ibikorwa, n'uko umugambi utegerezwa kuzigama igice c'ububiko.

Ukwo gutandukanya ni ikintu gihambaye mu gihe c’ugutanga amasoko. Umugambi ukwiye gusobanura ibisabwaBikoreshwaMWh ku rugero rw’ububasha n’imibereho y’ibikorwa aho kwizigira gusa umubare w’inguvu w’izina.

Ni kuki ububiko bw'inguvu bumara igihe kirekire-bukenewe?

Ivyerekeye LDES biva ku ntambamyi z'inguvu zimara igihe kirekire kuruta ububiko busanzwe bw'igihe gito-bushobora gupfuka mu vy'ubutunzi canke mu bikorwa. Ivyo izuba rikora birashobora kurenga ivyo umuntu asaba hagati mu musi, bikagwa ku zero izuba rimaze kurenga. Ivyo umuyaga ushobora gusohora birashobora kuguma bigoyagoya amasaha menshi canke, mu mice imwimwe, imisi myinshi. Ibibanza vy'inganda n'amashanyarazi make bishobora kandi gukenera gukuraho ikiraro co guhagarara canke ingorane z'amavuta zirenga idirisha ry'amasaha ane-bateri.

Guhindura Inguvu Zishobora Gusubirwamwo Kurenga Isonga ry'Umugoroba

Bateri y'amasaha ane-ishobora kuba ibereye neza gukuraho izuba ry'inyuma y'umuhingamo gushika ku mugoroba. Iyo igikorwa gikenewe gishika mw’ijoro canke gushika mu gitondo cakurikiyeho, umugambi urakeneye ubushobozi bwinshi cane bw’inguvu ku bijanye n’inguvu imwe nyene ya MW. Aha niho ubuhinga bufise ubushobozi buke bw'inguvu-, ubuzima burebure bw'ingendo, canke ibigega binini bushobora gutuma habaho uguhiganwa.

Ivyo nyene bikora no kuriguhindura umuzigo n'ububiko bw'inguvu: agaciro k’ububiko kavana n’imiterere n’igihe umuzigo umara be n’ugukwiragira kw’igiciro, atari gusa ku gushiramwo MWh nyinshi.

Gushigikira ubushobozi n'ukwizigirwa kw'uruzitiro

Uburyo bw’amashanyarazi burakeneye ubushobozi buhagije bwo kwizigirwa kugira ngo bushobore gutanga ivyo umuntu asaba iyo amashanyarazi ahinduka ari make. LDES ishobora gutanga umusanzu iyo igihe c’umuzigo munini w’urusenga-mara igihe kirekire kuruta igihe gito, ariko umubare w’agaciro k’ubushobozi uvana n’uburyo bwo mu karere, isano ry’ikirere, ugutanga amakuru, amategeko y’isoko, n’ibishoboka ko inguvu zibitswe zizoba zikiriho igihe zikenewe.

Igihe kirekire rero ni ngirakamaro gusa iyo ingorane y’urutonde ari ndende vy’ukuri. Itunga ry’amasaha 20 ntirirema agaciro k’inyongera iyo igikorwa gikeneye amasaha ane gusa.

Kugabanya ibishobora gusubirwamwo

Ububiko burashobora gufata umuyagankuba wari kugabanywa maze ukawusohora mu nyuma. Iryo joro rirushiriza kugira akamaro iyo ibihe vy’ugutanga ibirenze urugero bishobora gusubirwamwo n’ugusaba cane bitandukanijwe n’amasaha menshi. Ivyuma vy'ubuhinga vyihweza iki kibazo c'ikoreshwa bikwiye gusuzuma LDES iruhande y'ukwagura ivy'ugutanga amakuru, ugusaba guhinduka, uguhindura uruvyaro, n'ububiko busanzwe bw'igihe gito-aho gufata ububiko nk'uburyo bwonyene.

Ukwihangana ku Microgrids n'Imitwaro Ikomeye

Igihe kirekire c'inguvu zibitswe-gishobora gufasha amabarabara yo kure, ibikorwa vy'inganda, amashure, ibibanza vy'amakuru, n'ibikorwa remezo bihambaye mu gihe c'ibihagararo vyinshi. Ntibituma, ubwavyo, haba ubushobozi bwo gusubiza inyuma. Igishushanyo gikomeye gikeneye kandi inverters zibereye canke ibikoresho vyo guhindura ubushobozi, ubugenzuzi, ubushobozi bwo gutera izinga, uburinzi, ubuhinga bwo gutangura bwirabura-aho bisabwa, n’ingingo ngenderwako y’ububiko isobanuwe.

Ku bijanye n'ubwubatsi bw'urugero rw'urubuga-, raba ubuyobozi bwaUbubiko bwa bateri y'uruzitiro ruto.

Ubwoko nyabwo bw'igihe kirekire-ububiko bw'inguvu

LDES ifata imiryango myinshi y’ubuhinga. Porogarama ya DOE Storage Innovations 2030 isuzuma uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi, ubuhinga, ubushuhe, n’ubuhinga, mu gihe umugambi wa IEEE uriko uragenda P1679.5 uriko urategura ubuyobozi bwo gusuzuma ataco bimaze ubuhinga bwo kubika igihe kirekire-mu bikorwa bihoraho. Kuva mu kwezi kwa munani 2026, P1679,5 niPAR ikora, si ingingo ngenderwako y’iherezo ya IEEE yasohowe.

Amabateri atemba

Bateri zigendagenda zibika ibikoresho bikora mu mazi y’umuyagankuba afashwe mu bidengeri vyo hanze maze akabizunguruka biciye mu birundo vy’amazi y’umuyagankuba. Ubwubatsi bwavyo burashobora gutuma ubushobozi bw’inguvu n’ibikoresho vy’inguvu bishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwigenga kuruta uko bigenda mu mice myinshi isanzwe y’amabateri. Vanadium redox flow ni yo nzira nziza cane-izwi cane mu vy'ubudandaji, ariko n'izindi nzira z'amazi n'izitagira amazi na zo nyene ziriko zirategurwa.

Ukwo gutandukanya hagati y'ububiko bw'inguvu n'ikirundo c'inguvu birakwegera ku kubika igihe kirekire-bihagaze, cane cane iyo gutwara amagare kenshi n'ubuzima buramba bw'ibikorwa bihambaye. Ivyo bicuruzwa-birimwo amapompo, ibidengeri, gucunga amazi, ikirenge, ugushiramwo ubuhinga, n’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho rudakomeye cane kuruta litiyumu{3}}ion.

Mu isuzuma rya DOE ryo mu 2023 ry’uruja n’uruza-bateri, uburyo bwo gukoresha vanadium 100 MW/10-amasaha bwakoresheje ivyiyumviro vy’ubushobozi bw’urugendo rw’urugendo rw’ibice 65% n’urufatiro rw’uruja n’uruza rw’amazi rw’ingendo 10.000. Ivyo ni ibikoresho vyo gusuzuma, si ibimenyetso vy’abaguzi bose, ariko vyerekana igituma ubuzima bw’ingendo n’ugupima ubushobozi bw’inguvu bishobora kuba bihambaye nk’ubushobozi bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bukungu bwa LDES.

Ipompa-Inguvu z'amazi zo kubika

Inguvu z’amazi zipompa-zibika (PSH) zijana amazi hagati y’ibidengeri ku burebure butandukanye. Amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gupompa amazi aja hejuru; iyo umuyagankuba ukenewe, amazi arasubira inyuma biciye mu bikoresho bikoresha umuyagankuba kugira ngo akoreshe umuyagankuba.

PSH ni ubuhinga bushingiye ku buhinga bwo kubika igihe kirekire-. DOE ivuga ko ububiko bupompa ubu bugereranya umugabane munini w’ubushobozi bwo kubika inguvu z’urugero rw’inguvu z’ubuhinga bwa Amerika- kandi budondora nk’ubuhinga buhambaye bwo kubika ububiko bw’igihe kirekire-. Igereranyo rya PNNL ryakoresheje 100 MW/10-amasaha ryakoresheje hafi 80% vy’ubushobozi bwo gukora urugendo rw’urugendo n’imyaka 60 y’ubuzima bw’ikirangamisi ku PSH.

Ico kigarukira ni ugushira ahantu. Umugambi ukwegera mu vy’ubuhinga uracari ukeneye uburebure bubereye, ugutunganya ibidengeri, ingamba z’amazi, ivy’ubuhinga bwo mu butaka, uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru, isuzuma ry’ibidukikije, n’igihe co gutegura gishobora kuba kirekire cane kuruta ico amabateri y’ibice.

Kugira ngo turonke akarorero k’urugero nyarwo, ikigo ca Dominion Energy co mu ntara ya Bath County Pumped Storage Station muri Virginia gifise ubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi 3.003 MW kandi carakoze mu vy’ubudandaji kuva mu 1985. Kirerekana urugero n’ubuzima buramba bishoboka hakoreshejwe PSH, ariko kandi n’aho hantu-ibikorwa remezo vy’abanyagihugu birimwo.

Ububiko bw'inguvu z'umuyaga bufatanye-

Ububiko bw'inguvu z'umuyaga bufatanye- (CAES) bukoresha umuyagankuba kugira ngo bufatanye umuyaga kugira ngo ububike hanyuma bugaca bugwiza uwo muyaga biciye mu nzira y'ugutanga inguvu-. Ivyiyumviro bimwebimwe bikoresha ibinogo vy’umunyu biri munsi y’ubutaka canke ibindi bihimba vy’ubutaka bibereye, mu gihe ivyiyumviro bishasha bikurikirana ubwato bundi canke inzinguzingu z’ubushuhe ziteye imbere.

CAES ishobora gutanga ubushobozi bwinshi bw’inguvu n’ubuzima buramba bwo gukora, ariko ubutunzi bwayo n’ibidukikije bivana cane n’imiterere y’uruganda. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha diabatic burashobora gukoresha amavuta mu gihe co gusohora, mu gihe ivyiyumviro biteye imbere vy’adiabatic canke isothermal bigamije kugabanya canke kwirinda ivyo bisabwa. Ububiko bw’ibintu vy’ubutaka na bwo nyene burashobora gutuma gushiramwo ahantu biba ikintu gihambaye cane.

Ububiko bw'inguvu z'ubushuhe

Ububiko bw’ubushuhe buhindura inguvu mu bushuhe canke ubukonje maze bukazibika mu bikoresho nk’umunyu ushonze, ibitandara, umusenyi, amazi, ibikoresho bihindura inzira-, canke ibindi bikoresho. Inguvu z’ubushuhe zibitswe zirashobora gukoreshwa ata guca ku ruhande mu bushuhe bw’inganda, inguvu z’akarere, gukonjesha, canke zigahindurwa zigasubira kuba umuyagankuba.

Gukoresha ubushuhe butaziguye birashobora gukwegera canecane kubera ko bituma umuntu adasubira guhinduka umuyagankuba bitari ngombwa. Amashanyarazi-ku-ububiko bw'ubushuhe bw'amashanyarazi bushobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire-ibikorwa vy'uruzitiro, ariko ubushobozi n'imiterere y'uruganda biratandukanye cane bivanye n'ubuhinga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, "ubushobozi bwo kubika ubushuhe" ntibukwiye kwigera buvugwa nk'umubare umwe w'isi yose.

Ububiko bw'iyidrojeni n'ibindi bikoresho

Amashanyarazi arashobora guhindurwa ihydrogène biciye ku guhindura umuyagankuba, akabikwa, hanyuma akakoreshwa mu bikoresho vy’amavuta, mu bikoresho vy’amashanyarazi, mu moteri, mu bikorwa vy’inganda canke mu bindi bikoresho vy’iherezo. Ivyuma bitwara inguvu z’imiti birakenewe cane cane iyo igihe co kubika kibaye kirekire cane canke iyo agaciro k’umugambi kajabuka -sector ikoreshwa hamwe n’ububiko bw’amashanyarazi.

Ubucuruzi nyamukuru-ni uguhindura neza. Igereranyo rya PNNL ryo mu 2022 ryakoresheje nk’ibice 31% vy’ubushobozi bwo guzunguruka-ku bijanye n’ububiko bw’amazi y’amazi y’inzira zibiri, iri hasi cane y’amazi ya litiyumu-ion canke amazi y’amazi apompa. Inyungu ishobora kubaho si ugukora neza; ni ubushobozi bwo kubika inguvu nyinshi mu kiringo kirekire iyo uburyo bwo kubika n’ibikorwa remezo bibereye.

Litiyumu-Ion n'izindi bateri

Litiyumu-iyo ntikurwa muri LDES. Litiyumu-iyoni idondora ubuhinga bwa shimi; LDES idondora igihe n’ingene bikoreshwa. Uburyo bwa litiyumu-ion bushobora gukorwa amasaha 10 canke arenga, naho ubutunzi, kwongerera, gucunga ubushuhe, ugusenyuka, ikirenge, n’ivy’igarantiya bigenda birushiriza kuba ivy’agaciro uko igihe c’inguvu kigenda kiraduga.

Igereranyo rya PNNL rya 100 MW/10-amasaha ryashize litiyumu-ion LFP na NMC ku rugero rwa 84% rw’ubushobozi bwo gukora urugendo, rwo hejuru y’imiterere y’amabateri y’amazi n’ay’amazi mu rutonde rw’amakuru rumwe. Iyo ntumbero y’ibikorwa ni ngirakamaro, ariko ntiyizeza ko LCOS izoba iri hasi cane ku bijanye n’igikorwa cose.

Kugira ngo ubone ukugereranya kwagutse kw’ubuhinga bwa shimi, rabaubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri zo kubika inguvu.

Kugereranya ubuhinga bwa LDES

Imbonerahamwe iri musi ni ishingiro ry’ingingo, si urupapuro rw’ibisobanuro vy’umucuruzi. Igihe c'igihe gishingiye ku gukoresha-, mu gihe ubushobozi n'imibare y'ubuzima bikwiye gusuzumwa bishingiye ku mibumbe nyayo y'uburyo. Aho imibare y’ubushobozi yerekanwa, yerekeza ku kugereranya kwa PNNL kwa 100 MW/amasaha 10 ku rugero rwo hejuru kuva ku isuzuma ryayo ryo mu 2022, ryakoresheje ibikoresho vy’ibikorwa vy’igihe ca 2021. PNNL ubu irafise amakuru mashashaIgiciro c'ububiko bw'inguvu n'ububiko bw'amakuruku bijanye n’igiciro n’ibikorwa vy’ubu.

Igihe kirekire-Ububiko bw'inguvu n'amabateri ya litiyumu{2}}Ion

LDES akenshi igaragazwa nk'iyindi nzira yo gusubirira litiyumu-ion, ariko iyo nzira ntiyuzuye. Lithium-ion ni ubuhinga bumwe bwo guhitamwo imbere mu bubiko bwagutse. Igereranyo ryiza riri hagati y’imiterere y’umugambi yuzuye ihuye n’ububasha bumwe, inguvu, igihe, urugendo rw’amagare, ukwizigirwa, n’ibisabwa ku kibanza.

Aho Litiyumu-Ion ifise akamaro

• Urugendo rwo hejuru-rukora neza.
• Inyishu yihuta n'ububasha bukomeye-ubushobozi bwo kugenzura.
• Modular kandi bigenda vyihuta cane.
• Ishingiro rinini ry’ubuhinga n’ibidukikije vy’abanyamuryango vyashinzwe.
• Ubumenyi bwinshi mu bikorwa n’imibumbe y’ubudandaji ishobora gukoreshwa mu mabanki.

Kubera iki igihe kirekire gihindura imiterere y'igiciro

Uko igihe kigenda kirushiriza, umugambi urakenera MWh nyinshi ku MW yose y’inguvu zisohoka. Mu nzira y'amabateri, ivyo akenshi bisigura kwongerako ibindi bihimba, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, ibikoresho vyo gucunga ubushuhe-, n'ibindi bihimba bijanye n'inguvu-. Mu buhinga nk'amabateri agenda, amazi apompa, canke CAES, ububiko bw'inguvu zishobora gukura mu buryo butandukanye n'ibikoresho vyo guhindura inguvu-.

Ni co gituma $/kWh yonyene ishizweho ari igipimo c’ingingo kidatunganye. Umugambi kandi urakeneye gutanga inyishu ku nguvu zo gushaja, ukubura ubushobozi, incuro umuntu akoresha amagare, gusubirira canke kwongera, O&M idahinduka n’ihinduka, amafaranga, ubuzima bw’umugambi, n’agaciro k’amasigarira.

Ni hehe LDES Ifise Akamaro Cane?

Ubuhinga-Urugero rw'Ubufatanye Bushobora Gusubirwamwo

Ivyuma n’abahinguzi bashobora gukoresha ububiko bw’igihe kirekire- kugira ngo bashire inguvu mu muyaga mwinshi canke mu bikorwa vy’izuba mu bihe birebire vy’ugusaba cane. Igihe gikenewe gikwiye kuva ku guhingura ibintu mu buryo bujanye n’igihe no ku gushushanya umuzigo aho kuva ku ciyumviro c’amasaha 10, 12 canke 24 ataco bimaze.

Ku bijanye n'ubwubatsi bw'umugambi wagutse, urubugautility-urugero rw'ububiko bw'inguvuurupapuro rutanga intambwe ikurikira ngirakamaro.

Igihe kirekire c'isonga n'ubushobozi bwo gufasha

Hariho uburyo bumwe bumwe bugira ivyipfuzo vyinshi vy’urusenga igihe kirekire cane kuruta igihe c’isonga ry’umugoroba. Muri ivyo bihe, LDES ishobora kugabanya igitigiri c’ubuhinga bukenewe gusa ku bihe vy’isonga vy’igihe kirekire. Agaciro k’ubushobozi kaguma gasuzumwa hakurikijwe amategeko y’isoko ryo mu karere n’uburyo bwo kwemeza.

Amabarabara ya kure n'amabarabara mato

Uburyo bwo kure bufise ubushobozi buke bwo gutanga amakuru n’ubudasa bw’amavuta burashobora kwungukira ku kubika ibintu bishobora gusubirwamwo bihinduka kandi bikagabanya amasaha amageneratore yoherezwa ategerezwa gukora. Igihe kibereye kivana n’umuzigo nyawo w’isaha, izuba canke umuyaga, ibikoresho vy’amavuta, n’intumbero zo kwizigirwa.

Inguvu z'inganda n'ibikorwa remezo bihambaye

Ivyicaro vy’inganda bishobora guha agaciro uguhindura inguvu, gucunga ivyo bisabwa, ugushiramwo ibintu bishobora gusubirwamwo, ubushuhe bwo gukora, ukwihangana, canke ivyo vyose hamwe. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika rikwiye gutorwa hakurikijwe uburyo nyabwo bw’inguvu z’aho hantu n’urutonde rw’ibikorwa. Inzira y’ubushuhe yoshobora gukoreshwa neza n’ububiko bw’ubushuhe kuruta guhindura umuyagankuba ngo ube bateri hanyuma ugasubira mu bushuhe.

Ubukene bushobora gusubirwamwo bw'iminsi myinshi-

Ububiko bw'iminsi myinshi-burashobora gufasha gupfuka ibihe birebire vy'umusaruro muto ushobora gusubirwamwo, ariko burahiganwa n'ugutanga, ugusaba guhinduka, kwubaka uruvyaro birenze urugero, uruvyaro rushobora gutumwa, n'ubundi buryo bw'ubushobozi bukomeye. Itegeko ry’uburyo rikwiye kugereranya ibitabo, atari ubuhinga bwo kwitandukanya.

Inyungu zo kubika ingufu igihe kirekire-

• Guhindura inguvu igihe kirekire:inguvu zibitswe zishobora kwimurirwa mu ijoro ryose, hagati y'imisi, canke mu misi myinshi-.
• Ikoreshwa ryiza ry'ibisubirwamwo:bimwe ubundi-vyagabanutse bishobora kubikwa kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu nyuma.
• Infashanyo y'ubushobozi:gusohora amazi igihe kirekire birashobora gupfuka ibihe birebire vy’ugusaba cane aho ivy’ubutunzi bigufi bishobora guhera inguvu.
• Ubutandukane bw'ubuhinga:imigambi ntigarukira ku buhinga bumwe bw’amabateri canke uburyo bumwe bwo kubika.
• Ingufu zo ku ruhande zishobora kugabanya igiciro:inyubakwa zimwe zimwe zirashobora kwagura ububiko bw’inguvu ata gupima igice cose c’inguvu bihuye.
• Ubuzima buramba bw'itunga ry'ubuhinga bwatoranijwe:ubuhinga bwo kubika ibintu bw’abantu n’ubuhinga bushobora kugira ubuzima buramba cane kuruta ubuhinga bwinshi bw’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi.

Ingorane n'imipaka

Ubutunzi: Koresha LCOS, Ntukoreshe Imbere Gusa $/kWh

Igiciro gishizweho ku kWh ni ngirakamaro, ariko ntigifata ubutunzi bwose bw’umugambi wa LDES. PNNL isobanura igiciro c’ububiko (LCOS) nk’igiciro c’ubuzima bwose-ku -unit-y’inguvu zisohotse-zishobora gushiramwo ubuzima bw’ikirangamisi, ubuzima bw’ingendo, uburebure bw’inguvu zisohotse, O&S, ibindi, igiciro c’imigambi, overulha.

Icigwa cakozwe mu mwaka w’2026 n’abandi -kigereranya CAES adiabatic, ububiko bw’inguvu z’ubushuhe zipompa, n’iyon ya litiyumu mu bice 24 vyasanze urutonde rwa LCOS rwahinduka bivanye n’akarere n’ingene bikoreshwa; round-ubushobozi bw’urugendo n’amasaha yuzuye-y’umwaka yuzuye vyari mu bintu nyamukuru vyatuma habaho amafaranga. Ivyo ni ikintu ngirakamaro cibutsa ko ubuhinga butashobora gushirwa ku rutonde ataco buvuze incuro buzokorera be n’aho buzokorera.

Ku bice vy'igiciro ca bateri-, raba urubugaInyigisho y'igiciro ca BESS.

Ugukora neza ni ikintu gihambaye, ariko si co gisubizo cose

Round-trip efficiency ipima ingene inguvu z'umuyagankuba zigaruka zigereranywa n'inguvu zikoreshwa mu gushaja uburyo bwo kubika. Ugukora neza cane biragabanya ivyo umuntu atakaza mu gushaja, ariko ntibica bituma umuntu akoresha igiciro gitoyi kuruta ibindi vyose mu buzima bwiwe bwose.

Ubushakashatsi bugereranya ubuhinga bushasha bwa LDES bwashimikiye cane ku birenge vy’ubutaka, ku gutakaza ataco bimaze, ku guhinduranya, ku guhinduka, ku gukora neza, n’ingene igiciro c’itunga gihinduka uko igihe kigenda kirarenga. Ikoranabuhanga ry'ubushobozi buke-rishobora kuba rishobora guhangana n'ibindi iyo rifise igiciro gito cane c'inguvu-ubushobozi, ubuzima buramba, ukwikura -guke, canke ingendo y'ibikorwa ifise ingendo nkeyi z'umwaka.

Gushiramwo no kwemerera

Ubuhinga bwa LDES bushobora kuba bwihariye ku rubuga-. Amazi akoreshwa n’amazi akeneye ubutaka bubereye n’ububiko bw’amazi. CAES yo munsi y’ubutaka ishobora kuva ku binogo vy’umunyu canke ku bindi bihimba vy’ubutaka vyemewe. Ihidrojeni yoshobora gukenera ibinogo vyo kubikamwo, gufatanya, imiyoboro canke ibikoresho vyihariye. Bateri zigenda zigenda zisaba ikirenge c’itangi n’igiterwa. Ubushuhe bushobora gukenera ibikoresho vyinshi vyo kubika, ivyuma bizibira ubushuhe, n’ugushiramwo ubushuhe bw’inganda.

Intambamyi z’aho hantu zikwiye gusuzumwa imbere y’uko hakorwa ivyerekanwa vy’ivy’ubutunzi mu buryo burambuye. Ahandi ho, umugwi w’abahinga mu vy’umugambi urashobora kumara amezi menshi ukora neza ubuhinga budashobora kwemererwa canke kwubakwa aho hantu.

Ikoranabuhanga n'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amabanki

Ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga ni igice kimwe gusa c’ukwitegurira ubudandaji. Abaguzi, ababikira, ba nyen’ibikorwa, n’abakozi ba EPC barashobora kandi gusuzuma amateka y’ibikorwa, inkomezi z’abaguzi, amasezerano y’ingwati, ingwati z’ibikorwa, inshingano zo gusubirira, ibimenyamenya vy’umutekano, ubushobozi bw’ibikorwa, ibimenyetso vy’umugambi, n’uburebure bw’uruzitiro rw’ugutanga-.

Iyi ni yo mpamvu imwe ituma ubuhinga bukomeye bushobora kuguma bukwegera mbere n’igihe ubundi buryo bushasha buboneka neza ku laboratwari imwe canke ku rugero rwo gushushanya.

Umutekano n'Ubufatanye bwa Sisitemu

Ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu agire umutekano biratandukanye bivanye n’ubuhinga bwa shimi n’ubwubatsi. Imigambi ya bateri ikeneye uburinzi bukwiye bw’urugero rw’ingingo-n’urugero rw’uburyo-, gucunga ubushuhe, kumenya, ingamba zo guhagarika, kugenzura, n’ugutegura ivyihutirwa. Ihidrojeni, ubushuhe bwinshi-ubushuhe, umuyaga ufise umukazo, n’ibikorwa binini binini vy’ubuhinga, kimwe cose kizana ingorane zitandukanye n’ibisabwa vyo kwemererwa.

Ku migambi y’amabateri mu masoko akoresha ingingo ngenderwako z’umutekano zo muri Amerika, ubuyobozi bw’urubuga kuIcemezo ca UL ca BESSiratanga ibindi bisobanuro. Amashirahamwe y’imigambi aracari akwiye kugenzura amategeko nyayo n’ingingo mfatirwako bisabwa n’ubuyobozi bw’intara bufise ububasha.

Uko wohitamwo ubuhinga bwo kubika inguvu mu gihe kirekire-

1. Sigura ingorane y’inguvu.

   Vuga akazi mu majambo y’ibikorwa: guhindura izuba ryo mu gicugu mw’ijoro, gupfuka isonga ry’amasaha 12, gushigikira microgrid iri kure, gutanga imisi itatu y’ububiko, kugabanya, canke gutanga ubushuhe bw’inganda.

2. Harura ububasha n’inguvu zikoreshwa.

   Modele MW na MWh bisabwa ku ntumbero y’uguhuza. Sobanura nimba iyo sisitemu itegerezwa gutanga ubushobozi bwose mu kiringo cose canke ukurikize urutonde rw’ibisohoka bihinduka.

3. Igishushanyo c’ingendo y’igikorwa.

   Gereranya inzinguzingu ku musi canke umwaka, igihe co kubika imbere yo gusohora, uburebure bwo gusohora, ibisabwa vyo kubika, n’ibihe vy’ubusa vyitezwe. Ubutunzi bwo gutwara amagare buri musi-butandukanye cane n'ugukoresha ivyihutirwa canke mu bihe.

4. Intambamyi z'urubuga rw'ibarabara.

   Suzuma ubutaka, ubuhinga bw’isi, amazi, uguhuza, isuzuma ry’ibidukikije, umuriro n’ubuzima-ibisabwa vyo gukingira, uburyo bwo gutwara abantu, imiyoboro, n’ugutanga uruhusha imbere y’uko ugira urutonde rw’ubuhinga.

5. Gereranya ubutunzi bw'ubuzima bwose-.

   Koresha uburyo rusangi bw’ivy’ubutunzi burimwo ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi, ububiko bw’inguvu, ugushiramwo, ugushaja inguvu, ugutakaza ubushobozi, ugusenyuka, kwongerwa, ugusubirira, O&M, amafaranga, imisoro, guhagarika ibikorwa, n’agaciro k’amasigarira aho bikenewe.

6. Igerageza ry’ubushobozi bwo gukoresha banki.

   Gusubiramwo inkomezi z’amahera z’abaguzi, ubwato bukoresha, ivyemezo, ivyemezo vy’ibikorwa, inshingano za EPC, igikorwa c’igihe kirekire-, ibikoresho vy’inyuma, ubwishingizi, n’ukwemera abaguzi.

7. Run ibibazo vy’ububabare.

   Gerageza ibiba iyo ibiciro vy'amashanyarazi, ikoreshwa, igiciro c'amahera, ubushobozi, igihe co gusubirira, ugucererwa kw'umugambi, canke igihe c'inguvu-bikeneye guhinduka. Ubutunzi bwa LDES burashingiye cane cane ku kuntu umutungo ukoreshwa kenshi no ku bushobozi bw’inguvu bukenewe mu vy’ukuri.

Ivyiyumviro bitari vyo ku bijanye na LDES

"LDES ni ubwoko bwa bateri"

Oya, amabateri ni umuryango umwe w’ubuhinga bwa LDES. Ububiko bw’ubuhinga, ubushuhe, uburemere bw’isi, n’ubuhinga bw’imiti na vyo nyene birashobora gutanga inguvu zimara igihe kirekire-.

"Ikintu cose kiri hejuru y'amasaha 10 kiraba ciza"

Oya Amasaha cumi ni urugero rw’ingirakamaro rwa DOE, si ikimenyetso c’agaciro. Igihe c’inyongera kirema agaciro gusa iyo uruzitiro canke umukiriya akeneye inguvu z’inyongera zibitswe.

"Ikoranabuhanga Rikora neza Cane Niryo Ryama Riri Ryiza Cane"

Oya. Ubushobozi buragira ico bukoze ku giciro co kwishura, ariko LCOS na yo ivana n’ikoreshwa, ubuzima bw’ingendo n’ikirangamisi, ububiko-igiciro gisanzwe, O&M, ivyo gusubirira, amahera, n’ubuzima bw’umugambi.

"LDES itanga ubushobozi bwo gusubiza inyuma"

Oya. Gukora ivy’ugusubiza inyuma bivana n’ubwubatsi bw’umuyagankuba, ubugenzuzi, ivy’izinga, uburinzi, ububiko bw’inguvu-, ubushobozi bwo gutangura bw’umwirabura-aho bisabwa, n’umuzigo utegerezwa kuguma ufise inguvu.

"Litiyumu-Iyoni Ntishobora Kuba LDES"

Ivyo birakomeye cane. Litiyumu-iyoni ishobora gutunganirizwa igihe kirekire-igikorwa. Ikibazo ni nimba iyo ntunganyo iguma ari nziza mu vy’ubuhinga, mu vy’amahera no mu vy’imikorere ku bijanye n’igikorwa gikenewe.

Insozero: Tangira n’Ibikorwa vy’Inguvu Bikenewe

Igihe kirekire-ububiko bw'inguvu si isiganwa ryo kumenya ubuhinga bumwe butsinda bwa bateri. Ni umuryango w’ubuhinga bushasha butorera umuti ingorane zitandukanye mu bihe bitandukanye.

Umugambi ugenewe gukura inguvu z’izuba kuva ku manywa gushika ku gicugu utandukanye cane n’uwo ugamije kurokoka ubukene bw’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo z’imisi itatu-. Irya mbere rishobora gukunda uburyo bw'ibice bukora neza cane bugendagenda buri musi. Ica kabiri gishobora gushiramwo agaciro kanini ku bushobozi bw’inguvu buzimvye-, ku kwisohoka kw’amazi, ku bibumbano binini, canke ku buzima buramba cane bwo kubika.

Imigambi ikomeye cane ya LDES rero itangura n’imibare itatu:ubushobozi busabwa, inguvu zikoreshwa, n'igihe bisabwa. Ivyo bimaze gusobanurwamwo, abahinguzi barashobora kugereranya ubuhinga ku bintu bigaragaza nimba vy’ukuri umugambi ushobora kwubakwa, guterwa inkunga, gukoreshwa no kwishurwa mu buzima bwawo bwose.