Ihindura-ubwoko bw'ibikoresho vy'anode ahanini birimwo ivyuma vy'ivyuma, ivy'ivyuma, ivy'ivyuma, n'ivyuma vy'ivyuma. Mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi, ivyo bikoresho biratuma habaho canke ukubora kw’ibintu .ibirungo vya litiyumubiciye mu kugabanya canke mu guhindura ivyuma. Kubera ko zishobora kugira uruhara mu bikorwa vy’uguhindura ama elegitoroni menshi, ama anode ashingiye kuri ivyo bikoresho yerekana ubushobozi bwo gusubira inyuma bugera kuri 1000 mA·bg.
FeO
Kubera igiciro cavyo gito, ubumara buke cane, ububiko bw’ibidukikije bwinshi, na cane cane ubushobozi bwihariye bw’ivyiyumviro, ibikoresho vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vyarize cane nk’ibikoresho vy’anode vy’amabateri ya litiyumu-ion. Ivyuma bimenyerewe birimwo -Fe2O3, -Fe2O3, na Fe3O4. Ivyo bihimba vyerekana ubushobozi bwihariye bw’ivyiyumviro bugera kuri 1007 mA·h/g na 926 mA·h/g, uko bikurikirana. Ariko rero, iron oxide irahura n’ingorane nyinshi mu gihe ikoreshwa mu buryo bubereye. Ivyiyumviro bigenda buhoro vy’ugutwara ama electron/ion n’ugukura/ugucika intege cane mu gihe c’ibikorwa vy’ugusubiramwo charge–discharge bituma ubushobozi busenyuka vuba kandi n’ubushobozi bubi bw’ama electron y’ivyuma. Ikindi, ibikoresho vy’icuma vyinshi bifise ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara umuyagankuba. Kugira ngo ivyo bibazo bishobore gutorwa umuti, abashakashatsi ahanini bafashe ingamba nk’ugucungera imiterere y’ibintu n’imiterere yavyo, gupfuka ivyuma vy’umuyagankuba, no kwubaka ibikoresho vy’ibintu vyinshi bifise ibikoresho bishobora gutwara umuriro cane. Izo nzira akenshi zishika ku ngaruka zikorana biciye mu guhuza ingamba nyinshi, kandi hariho iterambere ryakozwe.
CoO0
Cobalt oxides (CoO1), nka Co3O4 na CoO, na zo nyene zarize cane nk’ibikoresho vy’anode vy’amabateri ya litiyumu{0}}ion kubera ubushobozi bwazo bwihariye bw’ivyiyumviro. Cokimwe n’ivyuma bita oxides, CoO1 irashikirwa n’ingorane nk’izo nyene: uguhinduka kw’uburemere bwinshi mu gihe c’ugucapura–gusohora, ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara umuyagankuba, n’ubushobozi buke bwo gusubiza, bikaba bituma ubushobozi bubora ningoga be n’uguhagarara nabi kw’ingendo. Guan n'abandi. nanodisks Co3O4 zifise uruhande rumwe -inzira umunani- zikoresheje umwuka w’ikirere nk’imbere y’ivyo bisubizo. Izo nanodisks zari zifise ubunini bw’ibice 100–200 nm kandi zatanga ubushobozi bwihariye bwo gusubira inyuma bugera kuri 474 mA·h/g iyo zigendagenda ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’amashanyarazi. Ico ciyumviro kigaragaza ko imiterere n’ubunini bw’ibice bifise ingaruka zikomeye ku bikorwa vy’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi vya CoO1. Wang n'abandi. yateguye Co3O4 nanoneedles zikuriye ata guca ku ruhande ku gitereko c’ivyuma bita titanium hakoreshejwe uburyo bw’ubushuhe bw’amazi. Izo nanoneedles ntizagaragaje gusa ko zikorana neza cane n’ivyo bikoresho, ariko kandi zari zishobora gutuma umuyagankuba udakura. Inyuma y’ingendo 30 ku 0.2C, zari zikiri n’ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gusubira inyuma bwa 1015 mA·h/g.
Ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa CoO1 bigizwe n’ibice bibiri canke birenze, ingaruka z’ubufatanye hagati y’ibice birashobora kurushirizaho kwongereza ubushobozi bw’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi muri rusangi. Nk’akarorero, gufatanya cobalt oxide n’ibikoresho bishobora gutwara umuriro cane bishingiye kuri carbone- canke ibindi bihimba vy’ivyuma birashobora kwongereza cane ubushobozi bw’igipimo n’ugushikama kw’ingendo. Ivyo vyatumye abantu barushiriza kwitwararika guhingura no gutegura ubuhinga buhuriweko muri uwo muce.
ZnO
Zinc oxide na yo nyene yarakwegereye abantu benshi nk’igikoresho co gukoresha amabateri ya lithium-ion kubera ubushobozi bwayo buhambaye, igiciro gito, ukworohereza gutegura, n’imiterere itandukanye. ZnO ikorana na litiyumu biciye mu buryo buhurikiyeko bwo gukoranya (guhingura Li–Zn alloy) no guhindura (guhingura Li2O). Ubushobozi bwayo bwihariye bushobora gushika kuri 978 mA·h/g, ivyo bikaba ari vyinshi cane kuruta ivy’ama anode y’ivyuma bita graphite. Ariko rero, zinc oxide irashikirwa n’ubushobozi bubi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba, ukwaguka/ugucika kw’umuyagankuba gukomeye mu gihe c’ingendo zisubiramwo z’ugucapura–gusohora, no gutera Li2O nyinshi zidakora mu gihe c’ingendo. Ivyo bituma ubushobozi busenyuka vuba, ubushobozi buke bw’urugero, n’ubuzima bugufi bw’ingendo y’ama electrode ya ZnO. Kugira ngo ivyo bibazo bishobore gutorwa umuti, abashakashatsi ahanini bafashe ingamba nk’ugucungera imiterere n’imiterere y’ibinyabuzima, gupfuka ivyuma bita carbone, gutera ivyuma bitandukanye, no kwubaka ivyuma bishingiye kuri ZnO-bifise ivyuma bishobora gutwara umuriro cane. Ubwo buryo akenshi buratuma umuntu ashobora kubika neza litiyumu mu gufatanya ubuhinga bwinshi bwo kuyihindura, kandi bimwebimwe mu bihimba vy’ivyuma vyitwa zincate na vyo nyene biragaragaza ubushobozi bwiza cane bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi.
4. MP1
Ivyuma bita phosphides na vyo nyene vyakwegereye abantu benshi mu gukoresha ibikoresho vy’amabateri ya litiyumu-ion mu myaka iheze. Ivyo bihimba muri rusangi bikorana na litiyumu biciye mu buryo bwo guhindura kandi kenshi bifise ubushobozi bwinshi cane bwihariye bw'ivyiyumviro kubera inyishu z'uguhindura ama elegitoroni menshi -ku gice c'umurongo. Ariko muri rusangi zishikirwa n’ukwaguka kw’uburemere bwinshi mu gihe c’ugukuraho amabuye/gukuraho amabuye, bikaba bituma zihinduka amabuye n’ugutakaza ubucuti bw’umuyagankuba hagati y’ibice bikora n’igikoresho co gukoranya amashanyarazi, ivyo bikaba bigabanya cane ugukoreshwa kwazo mu bikorwa.
Muri izo, harimwo ivyuma, kobalt, nickel, n’umuringa-ivyo bita phosphides vyari vyigwa cane mu myaka iheze. Dufashe akarorero k’ivyuma bita phosphides, ubushobozi bwavyo bwihariye bwo mu vyiyumviro burashobora gushika kuri 500–1800 mA·h/g. Ikindi, amafosifidi y’ivyuma muri rusangi yerekana ubushobozi bwo kubika litiyumu bwinshi (kenshi 0.5–1 V vs. Li+/Li) kurusha amafosifidi y’ivyuma n’amasulfide y’ivyuma, ivyo bikaba bifasha kugabanya ingorane zo gusenyuka kwa litiyumu dendrite mu gihe co gucapura vyihuta. Ikindi kandi, ivyuma bita phosphides muri rusangi vyerekana ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba kuruta ivyuma bihuye n’ivyo, ivyo bikaba ari ngirakamaro mu gutuma igipimo gikora neza. Ku bw’ivyo, uguhingura mu buryo bubereye ivyuma vy’ivyuma bita phosphide nanostructures n’ibintu vyavyo bifise ibikoresho bishingiye kuri carbone-vyacitse ubuyobozi buhambaye bw’ubushakashatsi muri uwo muce. Ingero ni Ni2P, NiP2, NiP3, Ni5P4, CoP, Co2P, CoP3, FeP, FeP2, Cu3P, n’ibindi. Ni2P na Li–Ni–P ternary compounds zishobora mbere gushika ku nzira zihuta cane z’ugushiramwo/gukuraho litiyumu-ion kubera imiterere yazo yihariye n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba bwinshi.