Guhindura umuzigo n'ububiko bw'inguvu: Ingamba n'ivyiza

Ikete ryawe ry’amazi n’amazi rivuga inkuru benshi mu barongozi b’ibibanza boshima ko batayisoma. Ahantu hagati y’amafaranga y’inguvu n’amafaranga y’ivyo usaba hari umubare udafitaniye isano n’ingene amashanyarazi wakoresheje mu vy’ukuri-n’ibindi vyose bifitaniye isano n’igihewarakoresheje. Iyo minota 15 y’ugusaba itera imbere ku isaha zine n’igice z’ijoro ku wa kabiri? Ishiraho gusa igipimo cawe c’ukwezi kwose.

Guhindura umuzigo n’ububiko bw’inguvu za bateri bihindura iyo ngorane ku mutwe wayo. Ubucuruzi buriko burakoreshauburyo bwo kubika inguvu za baterikubika amashanyarazi atari make -peak no kuyasohora igihe ibiciro vy'uruzitiro bishika ku rwego rwo hejuru. Itandukaniro rikunda kugaragara ku nzira ya mbere nyene yo gutanga amafaranga. Turabona ibikorwa vy’ubudandaji bigabanya ibiciro vy’amashanyarazi ku rugero rwa 15 gushika ku 40 kw’ijana bifise imiterere ya BESS yatunganijwe neza-n’ivyo kuzigama uko abakoresha bigira gutunganya neza-urutonde rwabo rwo gushaja/gusohora mu mezi make ya mbere.

Ivyo guhindura umuzigo bisobanura mu kubika inguvu za bateri

Guhindura umuzigo bikuraho ugukoresha umuyagankuba kuva ku masaha azimvye y'ijoro gushika ku madirisha y'ijoro atari menshi. Ntukoresha inguvu nke-usubira gutunganya iyo zimaze gukoreshwa. Iciyumviro ni coroshe-gucapura bateri ku madolari 0.08/kWh mw’ijoro, kuyikura ku madolari 0.25/kWh mu gihe c’urugendo rw’inyuma y’umuhingamo-ariko biratera urujijo n’ingene ingamba zibiri zifitaniye isano.Gumogosha kw'isongacaps ububasha bwawe bwo hejuru kugira ngo ugabanye amafaranga y’ugusaba.Guringaniza umuzigon’ugusangira urutonde rw’ivyo ukoresha umusi wose. Guhindura umuzigo vyihariye bikina umwanya-w-igipimo c'ikoreshwa: amasaha amwe y'ikilowatt{3}}, amafaranga atandukanye cane.

Igihe-co-gukoresha igiciro cacitse ikintu gisanzwe mu masoko menshi y'amazi muri Amerika. Ibiciro vy’inyuma y’umuhingamo n’ijoro ry’umugoroba birasumba incuro zibiri canke zitatu ibiciro vy’ijoro-rimwe na rimwe vyinshi mu bihugu nka California na Massachusetts. Uburyo bwo kubika amabateri burashaja mu gihe c’ayo madirisha atari menshi kandi bukarekura ubushobozi bubitswe iyo ibiciro vyiyongereye. Ibikorwa ntibihagarara. Igiti kibona umubabaro mutoyi. Iryo tegeko riragwa.

Uko ubuhinga bwa BESS butuma guhindura umuzigo bishoboka

Guhindura umuzigo nk’iciyumviro vyabayeho kuva mu myaka ya 1930. Ariko mu bihe vyinshi vy’ayo mateka, ibikoresho vyari bihari ku bucuruzi bw’umuntu ku giti ciwe vyari bike cane-canke kugabanya imizigo no kugabanya umusaruro, canke gukoresha umuyagankuba wa dizeli n’ibiciro vyose vy’amavuta n’ibidukikije. Ico cahinduye vyose ni ubuhinga bwa litiyumu iron phosphate (LFP) bwateye imbere mu vy’ubudandaji.

Hanyuma umurongo w’igiciro urakora ivyo ukora. Amabateri yava ku madolari 1.100/kWh mu 2010 ashika munsi y’amadolari 140/kWh mu 2023 (BloombergNEF). Igihe co kwishurauburyo bwo kubika inguvu za bateri y'ubucuruziyaguye mu myaka 3,5 gushika ku myaka 5. Uwo niwo mubare watumye aba CFO bavyitaho.

Ubucuruzi n'inganda guhindura umuzigo n'ububiko bwa bateri

Si ikigo cose kironka inyungu imwe. Ubutunzi bushingiye ku bintu bitatu: imiterere y’igiciro cawe, umuzigo wawe, n’ingene mu vy’ukuri ushobora guhindura uko ukora.

Ibikorwa vy'ubuhinga n'inganda

Aho ni ho ivy’amahera vyatera cane. Ku giciro c’amashanyarazi gisanzwe c’inganda, amahera y’ugusaba ni 30 gushika ku 50 kw’ijana y’amahera yose. Amahinguriro akora ibikorwa vyo gukora ivyuma, gusohora amapulasitike, kubika ibintu mu buryo bukonje, canke gutunganya ibifungurwa vyose birahura n’ingorane imwe: igihe umuntu asaba ibintu vyinshi mu minota 15-mu gihe c’uguhindura amashifu canke mu gihe c’ugutangura ibikoresho, ni vyo bishinga amahera yo gutanga amafaranga y’igihe cose co gutanga amafaranga. Isaha imwe mbi y’igice ca kane, imisi 30 y’ibiciro vy’imbere.

Ivyo gukosora birakora cane kuruta uko bivugwa. Gutera imbere mu gutangura kw’icompresseur n’ivy’i conveyor kugira ngo vyose ntibikure rimwe. Guhindura HVAC imbere y’igihe mu masaha y’ijoro igihe ibiciro biri hasi cane. Hanyuma reka BESS inywe ivyatsi vyose vy’inyuma y’umuhingamo bisigaye. Igikoresho gikoresha umuzigo w’isonga wa 1,5 MW coshobora gushiramwo ubuhinga bwa bateri y’isonga rya 1 MWh maze kigakuraho 400–500 kW kuri iyo nzira. Ku madolari 18/kW/ukwezi mu bihembo vy’ugusaba, ivyo ni amadolari 7.200–9.000 akurwako buri kwezi-hejuru y’amadolari 86.000 ku mwaka imbere yo guharura ubukemurampaka bw’inguvu. Twarabonye ibiterwa bitera inyungu mu myaka itanu n’ubwo bwoko, rimwe na rimwe vyihuta iyo inzego za Leta ziriko zirakora.

Ububiko bukonje burakwiriye kuvugwa cane. Imbere-konjesha ububiko ijoro ryose ku madolari 0.06–0.08/kWh, hanyuma ureke ubushuhe bw’inyubako butware ubushuhe biciye mu idirisha ry’igiciro c’inyuma y’umuhingamo igihe ibiciro vy’uruzitiro vyiyongera gatatu. Bateri ikora ibindi bikoresho vy’ibikorwa muri ayo masaha. Amakompreseri ntaco akora. Ivyo bisabwa biragabanuka. Ni kimwe mu bikoresho bisukuye cane kuko inyubakwa ubwayo iba igice c’ingene umuntu yobika.

Ivyumba vy'ubudandaji n'inyubakwa z'ibiro

Ukwo kudahuza ni nk’ugutwenga ku mpapuro. Ishure ry’ubudandaji rifise izuba ryo hejuru ritanga umusaruro mwinshi nko ku manywa y’ihangu-igihe abantu ari bake, imizigo yo gukonjesha iri hagati, kandi amashanyarazi ari make. Iyo ata bubiko, iyo nkuru y’amasaranganya irarungikwa hanze ku bipimo bitari vyiza vy’ugupima canke nta ho ija. A BESS afata iyo solar ya sasita, arayifata, arayisunika asubira hanze isaha zitanu n’igice z’ijoro igihe bose bari inyuma, AC iriko iratera, kandi ibiciro vya TOU bishika ku rugero rwabo rwo ku musi. Ishure rimwe twasuzumye ryarahinduye 25 kw’ijana vy’amahera yose akoreshwa mu madirisho atari menshi cane, rigabanya n’amadolari ibihumbi mirongo y’amashanyarazi akoreshwa ku mwaka ataco rigabanya na gato. Ubukemurampaka bw’igiciro gisukuye.

Ibikorwa vy'uruzitiro n'ibikoresho-Ibikoresho vy'urugero

Amashirahamwe y’amazi na yo nyene ariko aragura muri iyo nzira-cane cane mu bice aho ibikorwa remezo vy’amazi biriko birakura canke aho ubuhinga bushobora gusubirwamwo buriko burarengera ivyo bisabwa.BESS iri mu bikoreshoinstallations ku rugero rw’ugukwiragiza birashobora gusubiza inyuma ugusubiramwo ama substation vyari gushika ku miriyoni mirongo. Ikigo mpuzamakungu c’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo gishiraho ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ivyifuzo bishika kuri 20 kw’ijana mu masoko afise inguvu zisubirwamwo nyinshi.

Ikoranabuhanga rya BESS n'Ingano z'Ibikoresho vyo Guhindura Umuzigo

Ivy’ubuhinga bwa shimi bwa bateri birahambaye. Ariko ni ko n'uburyo bwo gucunga inguvu bwicaye hejuru yayo, n'uko umuzigo wose ufise ubunini bubereye ku bijanye n'umuzigo nyawo-atari uwo mu vyiyumviro uva ku kibanza co kugurisha.

Ku bibanza bigereranywaubwoko n'ubuhinga bwo kubika inguvu, LFP mu bisanzwe yacitse ivya kera ku bikorwa vya misi yose-vy'amagare. Nta kobalt bisigura uruhererekane rw’ugutanga ruhamye. Ubuzima bw’ingendo burarusha NMC n’ibice 40–60 kw’ijana mu bikoresho vy’isi vy’ukuri-bihagaze. Kandi urugero rw’umutekano-270 degrees thermal runaway threshold ugereranije na ~150 degrees ya NMC -bituma habaho itandukaniro rigaragara ku bijanye n’ugutanga ubwishingizi no gutanga uruhusha, cane cane ku bibanza biri hafi y’inyubakwa zikoreshwa.

Igipande ca EMS niho amafaranga azigamiwe ashobora gutunganirizwa. Uburyo bwo gucunga inguvu butunganijwe neza-bukurikirana ibiciro vy'ibikorwa, amakuru y'ikirere, uburyo ibikorwa vy'umuzigo, n'ingene bateri iriko irashaja, buhindura urutonde rw'ugushaja/gusohoka mu gihe nyaco kugira ngo bufate ibiciro vy'ibiciro ivyo urutonde rw'amaboko rwobura rwose. Ivyiyumviro bishobora gutuma ibikoresho bitangura, guhuza ibisohoka n'imirongo y'izuba, no guhuza amafaranga yinjira ku musi ku musi n'ugusenyuka kw'ingingo z'igihe kirekire-. Itandukaniro hagati y'igihe c'ishimikiro-ishingiye ku mugenzuzi n'ivyo guhanura EMS? Akenshi 20–30 kw’ijana mu kuzigama ku mwaka biva ku bikoresho bimwe.

Ibisanzwe vya BESS ku guhindura umuzigo

Ingano bivana n'umuzigo, ariko ng'uko uko bimenagurika:

Ubucuruzi buto gushika hagati - (100–500 kWh):Ivyuma vyo hanze bikora neza hano. Igitabo ca Polinovelihanze y'ibitabo BESSmu rwego rwa 60 kW / 121 kWh gushika kuri 125 kW / 241 kWh bifata amasaha 2–4 ​​y’ivyo bisabwa ku nyubakwa nyinshi z’ubudandaji. Bishobora gushika mu bibanza vyo guhagararako, hejuru y’amazu, canke mu bigo vy’amashini, bifatanya n’ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi biriho bifise ugutegura gutoyi kw’aho hantu, kandi birungikwa bifise BMS yunze ubumwe, gukonjesha amazi, no guzimya umuriro-nta mutwe w’ugushiramwo abaguzi benshi ku kibanza. Igikoresho c’amashanyarazi c’ama kWh 200 gifatanijwe n’inverter y’amashanyarazi y’ama kW 100 kirakura ama kW 100 ku giciro c’inyubako co ku muhingamo. Iyo igiciro cawe co gusaba kigenda $15/kW/ukwezi, iyo nzira imwe gusa irazigama $1.500/ukwezi.

Inganda n’ivy’amashure manini (1 MWh+):Uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho. Igikoresho gisanzwe ca Polinovel c’amafuti 20-gifise ubushobozi bwa LFP 1–2 MWh gifise ubuhinga bwo guhindura ubushobozi bwa 500 kW kirazunguruka buri musi mu myaka irenga cumi. Ivyuma vyinshi-bikoreshwa bishika kuri 5 MWh n’ibindi. Ivyo bikoresho biza bifise ibikoresho vy’amabateri, PCS, ubushuhe, ukuzimya umuriro, na BMS vyose vyageragejwe n’uruganda imbere y’uko birungikwa. Gukoresha bifata amayinga, si amezi womara uhuza abagurisha amabateri atandukanye, inverter, n’ibikoresho bigenzura.

Uguhangana n'inguvu: Ivyubatswe -Mu gihembo

BESS ihindura umuzigo-irasanzwe ifise ibikorwa remezo vy'ububasha bwo gusubiza inyuma. Mu gihe uruzitiro rwacitse, izo bateri nyene zisanzwe zituma habaho uburyo bwo gutorera umuti ibikorwa bihambaye-ibitaro, ibibanza vy'amakuru, gusukura amazi, gukomeza gukora. Kwongera ubushobozi bwo gusubiza inyuma kuri sisitemu iriho bitwara agace k’ugushiraho ububiko bwigenga. Ifatanye n'izuba ryo kuri -site kandi sisitemu ishobora gukora izinga ryose.

Ivyo si vyo bituma imigambi myinshi igira amahera menshi. Ariko birahindura ibara ry’ingorane, cane cane ku bibanza aho amasaha ane-azimye bitwara amahera menshi kuruta ubuhinga bwa bateri ubwabwo.

Gukora ikibazo c'amahera co guhindura umuzigo wa BESS

Gukura hejuru amafaranga yawe y’amazi. Gutandukanya amafaranga y’ivyo usaba n’amafaranga y’inguvu. Rondera urutonde rwawe rw'ibiciro vya TOU maze ubone ukuntu amadirisho y'igiciro kinini-n'igiciro gito-agenda. Hanyuma ushire amaboko yawe ku makuru y'amezi 12 y'ibipimo vy'igihe-amashirahamwe menshi atanga amakuru y'iminota 15 canke y'isaha biciye ku mbuga zabo zo kuri interineti.

Ehe akarorero kakoze. Vuga ko ukoresha uruganda rwo gukora 200.000 sq ft muri Texas rufise 2 MW zikenewe cane, igiciro c’ibisabwa c’amadolari 14/kW/ukwezi, n’amadolari 0.12/kWh atandukanye hagati y’ibiciro bitari ku -peak n’ivyo ku -peak. Ushiramwo BESS y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi 1 MWh / 500 kW.

Uwo murongo ushobora gukura 400 kW ku gipimo cawe c’ukwezi. Ku madolari 14/kW, ivyo ni amadolari 5.600/ukwezi mu gusaba amafaranga yo kuzigama gusa-amadolari 67.200 mu mwaka. Igitigiri c’inguvu: gukoresha 1 MWh ku musi ku madolari 0.12/kWh n’ubushobozi bwo gukora neza 90% bw’urugendo-bitanga amadolari 27.000/umwaka mu misi 250 y’ibikorwa. Ivyo umuntu azigama ku mwaka vyose hamwe bishika amadolari 94.000. Ku bijanye n’igiciro c’amadolari 350.000–400.000, uriko urabona imyaka 4 gushika kuri 4,5 yo kwishura imbere y’inkurikizi. Gukoresha umusoro w’ishoramari wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kandi ivyo bikagabanuka bikagera nko ku myaka 3.

Porogarama z’inyishu z’ivyo usaba ziri hejuru. Hari amashirahamwe y’amazi ariha amadolari 50–200/kW/umwaka ku bushobozi bwa bateri bwanditswe. Ku bijanye n’ubuhinga bwa 500 kW, ivyo ni ibindi bihumbi 25 vy’amadolari 25.000–100.000 vy’amahera yinjira ku mwaka bivanye n’isoko n’imiterere ya porogarama.

Ku mashirahamwe ateguraimigambi yo kubika inguvu za bateri ku rugero runini, ubutunzi buraguma butera imbere. Ibiciro vy’amabateri biracariko biragabanuka. Itandukaniro ry’ibiciro hagati y’isonga ry’umusi n’amadirisho y’ijoro ririko riragwira mu masoko menshi. Ivyo bihe vyose bituma igihe co kwishura kiba kigufi.

Uko wotangura umugambi wo guhindura umuzigo ukoresheje BESS ibereye

1. Tangana n’amakuru, ntutangure n’ibikoresho.Gukora igenzura ry’inguvu, gukora ikarita y’inguvu zikoreshwa ku masaha, no kumenya imizigo ishobora vy’ukuri kwimuka ata guhungabanya ibikorwa. Ivyo bishobora gukoreshwa ni nk’ugutegura imbere y’igihe HVAC, gushusha amazi, gushaja ubwato bwa EV, no gukora ibice. Ivyumba bimwebimwe birabona ko 30–40 kw’ijana vy’ivyo bisaba biva ku migenderanire yoshobora guhindukira bitagoranye ku gihe gitandukanye. Abandi basanze isonga ryabo ryugarijwe ku rutonde rw’ibikorwa, ivyo bisigura ko bateri itegerezwa gufata umusi wose.
2. Ubwinshi ku vyo umuntu asaba, si ivyo akoresha vyose.Ishirahamwe ry'abahinga rya Polinovel rikora ivyo ubudasiba-risuzuma amakuru y'ibipimo vy'igihe, rigashushanya amafaranga y'ugusaba n'ayo kuzigama mu gihe c'imiterere itandukanye, no kugaragaza uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha ibikoresho canke uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho vy'aho hantu. Igikoresho gikoresha amashanyarazi 50.000 kWh/ukwezi ntigikeneye vy’ukuri bateri nini cane. Bishobora gukenera gusa 200 kWh kugira ngo bice igitigiri c’abasaba bitwara 35 kw’ijana vy’amafaranga. Amakosa akomeye cane aba iyo ubuhinga burengeje urugero bushingiye ku kWh yose hamwe aho gushingira ku giciro c'isonga nyaco-ku -off-isonga.
3. Suzuma ko vyubahiriza amategeko imbere y’uko ugura.Raba neza ko sisitemu yawe ifise icemezo ca UL 9540 n'amakuru y'igerageza ry'umuriro UL 9540A-ivyo bigira ico bikoze ku gihe co kwemererwa n'uburenganzira bwo kwishingira. Uburyo bwa Polinovel burungikwa n’ivyo vyose, hamwe n’ibice vya LFP, BMS yunze ubumwe, gukonjesha amazi, n’uguzimya umuriro, vyose vyageragejwe n’uruganda- kandi biteguye gukoreshwa mu ndwi nkeyi zishikirijwe.
4. Gukomeza gutunganya inyuma yo gushiramwo.Gukurikirana ibikorwa buri kwezi. Tunganya amadirisho yawe yo kwishura/gusohora uko urutonde rw’ibiciro ruhinduka hakurikijwe ibihe n’imitwaro y’ibikorwa ihinduka. Imigambi ikwegera inyungu nziza ni iyo umuntu ariko araba dashboard-si iyo bateri yicara kuri auto kandi nta n’umwe asuzuma nimba amasetingi ya EMS agihuye n’imiterere y’igiciro c’ubu.