Muuburyo bwo kubika inguvu za bateriigereranya uguhinduka kw'akarorero mu buryo ibikorwa remezo vy'ububasha bw'ubuhinga-bikoreshwa. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwubatsi bwa kera bw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bisaba amezi menshi y’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga, igikoresho c’amafuti 40 cuzuye amaselile ya litiyumu, ama inverter, n’ibikoresho vyo gucungera ubushuhe gishobora kuva i Shenzhen kija i Texas maze kigaca kija mu ndwi nkeyi. Uwo niwo mubumbe, uko biri kwose. Ivy’ukuri birimwo ibintu vyinshi cane bigoranye.
Ivyo Mu vy’ukuri Bija Imbere .
Ufungure kimwe muri ivyo bice uzosanga hariho urutonde rwinshi cane rw’ibihimba birwanira ikibanza. Ivyuma vy’amabateri biganzwa-mu bisanzwe ibikoresho 10 gushika kuri 20 bifise ibihumbi vy’ibice vy’amabateri vy’amabara y’ibara ry’agahama, igikoresho cose gifise amabara akurikirana-imiterere ihuye kugira ngo kigere ku nkomezi z’amashanyarazi zigera kuri 1500V DC ku bikoresho bishasha. Ivyo bikoresho vya kera vya 1000V biracariko birarungikwa, cane cane ku masoko afise ibisabwa vyo gukorana canke abakiriya baturiwe n’ugusenyuka kw’amashanyarazi menshi.
Ugucungera ubushuhe birya kumbure 15-20% vy’uburemere bw’imbere. Gukonjesha amazi mu bisanzwe vyatsinze impaka ku bijanye n’umuyaga w’inguvu ku kintu cose kiri hejuru ya 2MWh. Inyungu z’uburemere bw’inguvu ni nyinshi cane. CATL na BYD bompi barasunikiye cane kuri iyi mpinduka nko muri 2021-2022, none ubu woba ugorwa no kuronka umuhinguzi akomeye agiriko arabesha ku nyubakwa zikonjeshwa n’umuyaga ku bikorwa vy’urugero rw’uruzitiro. Bamwebamwe baracariko barabikora ku bijanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri Ostraliya, aho ukworoha n’ukwihanganira inkungugu bihambaye kuruta uburemere bw’amabuye y’agaciro.
Uburyo bwo guhindura ubushobozi-ikiraro cawe ca DC-AC ku ruzitiro-rimwe na rimwe kiba imbere mu gitereko, rimwe na rimwe mu ruzitiro rwitandukanye. Filozofiya y’ugushiramwo ibintu iratandukanye cane hagati y’abahinguzi. Sungrow ikunda gushika kuri vyose-mu -imwe. Fluence akenshi itandukanya ibice. Nta n’imwe muri izo nzira isumba izindi ata gukeka; bivana n’ingorane z’aho hantu, ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kuronka ivyo akora, be n’ingene umukiriya yizigira ubushobozi bwo guhingura amashanyarazi bw’umunyamuryango.
Icemezo c'Ikigobe
Aha niho ibintu bica bitera ubwoba vy’ukuri abahinguzi bagerageza kuja kw’isi yose.
Igerageza rya UL 9540A muri Amerika y’Uburaruko si ugusuzuma gusa. Ivyo bipimo vy’ugukwiragira kw’ubushuhe bishobora gutwara amezi atandatu kandi bikaba bitwara amadolari arenga 500.000 ku bijanye n’ugutunganya. Kunanirwa rimwe, gusubira guhingura, gusubira kugerageza. Abashinwa bakora ibintu binjira mw’isoko rya Amerika baraturiye amamiliyoni kubera icemezo gusa imbere y’uko bagurisha igice kimwe. Bamwe barahevye. Abandi-Envision, Pylontech, abandi bakeyi-baciyemwo ubu bafise urutonde rwa UL rwemewe.
Ikimenyetso c’i Buraya CE kigaragara ko coroshe ku mpapuro ariko kigahisha ubugoyagoye mu nsobanuro z’amabwirizwa y’imashini. Inzego zitandukanye zamenyeshejwe zifise ivyiyumviro bitandukanye ku bijanye n'ico ari co "gukoresha nabi bishobora gutegekanirwa" ku bijanye no gushiramwo amabateri y'amashanyarazi 5MWh. Uburyo bwo kwemeza CEC muri Australiya bwongerako ikindi gice. Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati ahanini busubira inyuma ku ngingo za IEC ariko amashirahamwe y’amazi ku giti cabo ashiraho ibisabwa vyo gupima abashingantahe.
Nta n’umwe avuga ku mugaragaro ingene ibikoresho birungikwa imbere y’uko icemezo cuzuye gisohoka. Birashika. NDAs zivuga ivy’ibintu vyihariye.
Uko uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho rumeze muri 2024-2025
Gutanga amasoko y’ibihimba vy’umubiri bisigura ubushobozi bw’abahinguzi bwo guhangana n’abandi kuruta hafi ikindi kintu cose. Igikoresho ca BESS ni, mu vy’ukuri, umwimenyerezo wo gupfunyika no gushiramwo ibintu vyubatswe ku buhinga bw’amashanyarazi bw’uwundi muntu.
Abagurisha ama cells bo mu rwego rwo hejuru-CATL, BYD, EVE Energy, CALB-ntibafata abakiriya bose kimwe. Ivyemezo vy’umubare birahambaye. Umuhinguzi asaba 500MWh ku mwaka aronka ibiciro bitandukanye, ivy’ugutanga, n’ubufasha mu vy’ubuhinga kuruta uwusaba 50MWh. Ivyo bituma habaho ubushobozi bwo kwikomeza aho urugero ruvyara ubutunzi bwiza ruvyara amasoko menshi y’uguhiganwa ruvyara umubare mwinshi.
Aba integrateurs batobato bararokoka mu kurondera ivyicaro. Abaguzi b'amaseli y'urugero rwa kabiri-bashonje umugabane w'isoko. Ibikorwa vy’umwihariko aho kwemera ikimenyetso bihambaye cane. Amasoko y’ibihugu aho ibihangange bitashizeho ugukwiragiza. Canke bararonka.
BMS sourcing igabanywamwo ibice bibiri: ubwiwe -iteguye n'uwuguze. Ivyiyumviro vy'iterambere rya BMS mu nzu bishingiye ku gutandukanya no gufata ku ruhande. Ivyiyumviro birwanya birimwo ishoramari ry’ububisha ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere rikenewe kugira ngo rihure n’uburebure bw’ugushingira intahe umutekano bw’abahinga nka Higee canke Kehua. Benshi mu bahinga bashika ahantu hagati-bagura ibikoresho vya BMS mu gihe bahindura ibikoresho vya mbere no kwongerako ibice vy'ukugenzura vy'ubuhinga hejuru.
Ibiciro vy'Impinduka Bidafise Insiguro (Gushika Bishitse)
Ibiciro vy’ibikoresho vyo kubika inguvu mu bikoresho vyagabanutse cane mu myaka iheze. Igiciro c’uruganda rwa kera c’ibikoresho bimwebimwe caragabanutse kija munsi y’amadolari 100/kWh (mu Bushinwa), igiharuro kidasanzwe iyo umuntu yihweje ibiciro mu myaka itatu iheze.
Ivyo biharuro ntibikorera abantu bose bari kuri izo nzego. Ivyiza vyose vy'abakora ivy'ugukina vy'ukuri vyagabanutse bishika kuri 12-18% mu masoko y'amarushanwa. Amasoko amwe amwe yatangajwe yerekana ko mbere n’inyungu zishobora kuba zitoyi cane-canke ko hariho uguhomba gutomoye gufatwa kugira ngo haboneke imigambi y’ishingiro mu masoko mashasha.
Ni kubera iki umuhinguzi yotanga amahera ari munsi y’igiciro? Ingamba zishingiyeko ziratandukanye:
Guca mu gihugu gishasha aho umugambi w'agaciro ufungura inzugi
Gutuma imirongo y'ibikorwa iguma ikora mu gihe c'ibisabwa vy'ibipande vyoroshe
Gutera imbere ko ibiciro vy’amatelefone bizogabanuka cane imbere y’uko bishikirizwa, bikaba bizotuma habaho inyungu ku bijanye n’inyuma
Ukwihebura
Ica nyuma ni co gisanzwe kuruta uko ibiganiro vy’abashoramari bivyerekana. Ubushobozi burenze urugero mu gisata c’ubuhinga bwa BESS mu Bushinwa ni ukuri. Ivyiyumviro biratandukanye, ariko ikintu nk’ubushobozi bwo gukora 200GWh+ ku mwaka kiriho ugereranije n’ivyo kw’isi yose bisaba bishobora gushika kuri 100GWh mu mwaka mwiza. Si bose barokoka iyo nzira y’uguhungabana.
Gukora Ivyumba Naciyemwo
Urutonde rw’ubuhinga bwo guhingura ruratangaje.
Igikoresho kimwe co muri Jiangsu-ntizogitanga izina-gikoresha umurongo wa PACK hafi wose. Utugingo ngengabuzima turashirwako ubuhinga bwa robo, tugasudirwa n’ubuhinga bwa laser, tukageragezwa biciye mu nzira nyinshi zo gushaja, hanyuma tugashirwa mu bibanza vy’ibikoresho ata muntu agira ico akoze. Biratangaje. Isukuye. Bizimvye kwubaka.
Ikindi kibanza, kikaba ari ikibanza gitoyi, cizigira abahinga bamenyerejwe ku ntambwe nyinshi zo gukoranya. Ibikorwa vyinshi, itandukaniro ry’uburyo rikomeye iyo abakozi ari beza, itandukaniro ribi iyo atari beza. Uyu muhinguzi atsinda ku guhinduranya-bazohindura imiterere imirongo yikoresha idashobora gukora mu buryo bw'ubutunzi.
Ubwo buryo bwompi buraronka abakiriya. Ivyo vyose birafise uburyo bwo kunanirwa. Umurongo wikoresha urwana n'amategeko y'ihinduka ry'ubuhinga hagati-ibikorwa. Umurongo w’amaboko urwana n’ugushikama ku bijanye n’ijwi.
Amategeko y’igerageza atandukanya abahinguzi b’ibintu bikomeye n’abo baca imfuruka. Intwaro ibereye irimwo igenzura ry'urugero rw'ibinjira mu gice-, ubushobozi bw'urugero rw'ibice -igerageza ry'uburinganire, kwemeza uburinganire bw'urugero rwa rack{3}}, n'uguturira kw'ibikoresho vyuzuye-mu gihe c'umuzigo. Hari ivyo babifatanya. Hari abasimbuka intambwe. Ibibazo biza mu mazi-ivy'igarantiya, ukubura ibikorwa, mu bihe bibi cane, ibintu vy'ubushuhe.
Ikibazo c'umutekano umuntu wese yirinda .
Umuriro w’ibikoresho urashika. Inganda ntizivuga ku bintu vyihariye ku mugaragaro-ugushirwa ahabona mu mategeko, kwonona izina, ugutahura abakiriya. Ariko raporo z’abajejwe umuriro zivuye muri Arizona, muri Koreya y’Epfo, mu Bubirigi no mu bindi bihugu zirerekana ukuri.
Imizi itera amatsinda akikuje ivyiciro bikeyi: BMS idakora neza ituma utugingo ngengabuzima tugira ubushobozi bwinshi canke burengeje urugero, ubushuhe budakwiriye mu gihe c’ibihe vy’isonga, ubumuga bwo mu guhingura butera imirongo miremire y’imbere, n’ibintu vyo hanze nk’ibihe vy’uruzitiro - installation side transients canke.
Gukingira ukwiragira kwacitse ingorane nyamukuru y’uguhingura. UL 9540A igerageza canecane nimba ubushuhe bw’ingingo imwe buhunga buja mu ngingo ziri hafi. Amahitamwo y’imiterere ashobora guca muri iki kigeragezo-ugukingira hagati y’ibice bikomeye, gucungera neza gazi y’umuyaga, ibipande vyo gukingira umuriro, aerosol canke uburyo bwo gukingira ibintu bisukuye-vyongera igiciro n’ugusobanuka.
NFPA 855 muri Amerika ubu itegeka neza ko haba intambwe nini zo gutandukanya hagati y’ibikoresho bishirwamwo kiretse iyo hagaragajwe ingingo zitomoye zo kugabanya ingorane. Ivyo bihindura ubutunzi bw’umugambi. Ibiciro vy’ubutaka ni vyo bihambaye kuruta. Hari ibibanza vyo mu bisagara bica bihinduka ibidashobora kwubakwa.
Ubudasa bw'isoko ry'ubutaka
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika post-IRA zikora munsi y’imiterere y’inkurikizi idasanzwe. Ivyiza vy’imbere mu gihugu bituma abahinguzi baja ku gukoranya kwa nyuma ku butaka bwa Amerika-canke n’imiburiburi ivyifuzo vy’agaciro bihagije vyo mu gihugu-vyongerako. Ivyo biharurwa nk'ivy'imbere mu gihugu birimwo insobanuro zibabajwe z'ubuyobozi bw'Itunga mbere n'abavoka b'imisoro barwana no kugendana n'ukwizigira. Hari abahinguzi b’ibintu bo mu Bushinwa bashinze ibibanza vyo gukoraniramwo ibintu muri Arizona canke muri Texas. Abandi bafatanya n'ibigo vya Amerika kugira ngo bashire hamwe mu gihe bohereza ibikoresho biheze.-.
Ivyo Uburaya busaba vyibanda ku bihugu vyihariye: Ubudage ku bijanye n’inganda ziri inyuma y’ibikorwa vy’amametero, Ubwongereza ku bijanye n’ibikorwa vy’uruja n’uruza n’ibikorwa vy’ububiko bw’abacuruzi, Ubutaliyano ku bijanye n’izuba-plus-ububiko bw’amazu. Ivyerekeye uguhuza uruzitiro rw’umugabane-TSO yose ifise ibisabwa vyayo-igabanya isoko mu buryo bushimisha abafatanyabikorwa bafise ubumenyi bwo mu karere.
Australiya itera ibipfunsi hejuru y'uburemere bwayo mu bubiko bw'ibikoresho-. Umugambi wa Hornsdale warashize ico gihugu ku ikarita. Ukudashikama kw’uruja n’uruza n’uguhinduka kw’ibiciro vy’ibintu vyinshi bituma habaho ikoreshwa ry’ubutunzi ry’ukuri rirenze ivyo politike itegeka. Abakiriya bo ng’aho ni abahinga cane; babonye ibishirwaho bihagije kugira ngo babaze ibibazo bikomeye ku bijanye n'ingwati z'ugusenyuka n'ivy'urugendo-rw'ubushobozi.
Amasoko ariko arakura-Aziya y’amajepfo, Amerika Latini, Afirika-aguma ari umuhango kuruta ukuri ku bahinga benshi. Intambamyi z’amahera ni zo ziganza. Igikoresho co gukoresha 50MWh muri Indoneziya gihanganye n’ingingo ngenderwako zitandukanye zo gukoresha amabanki n’ivyo bikoresho bimwe vyo muri California. Ivyago vya politike, ugushirwa ahabona kw’amahera, n’inzego z’amategeko zidateyimbere bituma abakinyi bakuru baguma bari maso.
Ico gitandukanya abatsinze n'abatsinze
Ivyiyumviro vy’ivya kera. Umuhinguzi afise ubushobozi bwa 5GWh bushizweho kandi afise garanti nkeyi, aratsinda amasoko y’umuhiganwa afise 500MWh, mbere n’ibiciro vyinshi. Abaguzi b'amahera y'umugambi basaba ko hashirwaho ibimenyetso. Abakozi ba EPC bakunda abatanga ibikoresho vyemewe. Izina ryiza rirafata.
Uburebure bw’ubuhinga bwerekana mu buryo butaboneka. Ni gute umuhinguzi ashobora kwishura ningoga ku rubuga-ibisabwa vy'uguhuza? Boba batahura insobanuro y’itegeko ry’uruzitiro, canke boba bafata igikoresho nk’ikintu kiri ukwaco? Abahinguzi beza cane bashiramwo abahinga b’ivy’amashanyarazi bavuga ururimi rw’ubuhinga, atari abahinga b’amabateri gusa batahura ubuhinga bw’ingingo ngenderwako.
Inyuma ya-ugucuruza kubaho birarushiriza kuba ivy'agaciro. Igikoresho co mu Burengero bwa Texas gikeneye gufashwa n’umuntu ashobora kugishikako ku mubiri mu masaha 48. Gukurikirana kure bifata ibibazo bimwebimwe. Si vyose. Abahinguzi bubaka imihora y’ibikorwa vyo mu karere-canke bakorana n’abahinga mu vy’ubuhinga n’ubuhinga-baratandukanya n’izo nzira zo gutwara ibintu mu bwato kandi bizigiye ivyiza.
Gushikama kw’ivy’ubutunzi kuyungurura abakinyi bagoyagoya uko igihe kigenda kirarenga. Amasezerano yo kwishura muri iyi nganda arareha. Ivyishyurwa vy’iterambere biboha umutungo ukoreshwa amezi menshi hagati y’ugusaba n’ugushikana. Abakiriya basaba amasezerano y’ingwati n’ingwati z’ibikorwa bisaba abafatanyabikorwa bashobora gutanga inguzanyo. Abahinguzi batobato batagira amafaranga akomeye canke ubucuti bukomeye n’amabanki baragorwa no kwandika imigambi minini n’igihe bayitsinda mu buryo bw’ubuhinga.
Aho Ivyo Bija
Sodium-ion chemistries izofata umugabane w'isoko kuri LFP mu myaka itatu canke itanu iri imbere, cane cane mu bikorwa aho ugutahura igiciro gusumba uburemere bw'inguvu-grid-ububiko bw'urugero bujanye n'iyo ndondoro. Abahinguzi b’ibikoresho bazokenera guhabwa ubushobozi abashasha bazotanga amaseli no gusubira guhingura uburyo bwo gukoresha ubushuhe kubera ibiranga sodium bitandukanye.
Igihe kirekire-ubuhinga bwo kubika -icuma-ikirere, zinc{3}}ishimikijwe, amabateri agenda -bikora mu kibanza gitandukanye c'amarushanwa. Amasaha ane-ibikoresho vya litiyumu nivyo vyiganje mw'isoko ry'uyu musi kuko ivyo nivyo abakoresha uruja n'uruza rw'amazi bagura. Iyo amasoko ahindukiye aja ku masaha 8 canke 12, urugero rwa litiyumu rwo mu bikoresho rurashikirwa n’ingorane.
Gushikama bimeze nk’ibidashobora gukurwaho. Abahinguzi benshi cane bakurikirana uturyo duke cane two kuronka inyungu. Abazorokoka bazoba barimwo abakinnyi bahurikiye hamwe (BYD, CATL's system business), abafise ubucuti bushingiye ku bakiriya mu masoko akomeye, n'abahinga bakeyi bakorera ibibanza ibikomeye birengagiza.
Ivyo bitazohinduka: igitekerezo c'agaciro k'ishimikiro c'ububiko bw'inguvu bushingiye ku ruganda-bukoreshwa vyihuta kuruta ibikorwa remezo bisanzwe. Ivyo biramba. Ikibazo ni abahinguzi gusa bafata akaryo.